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Anatomy flashcards

JennyMurnan NBCOT prep graduate English 85 cards

Cards in this deck (85)

  1. 1Name the two parts of the skeletonaxial and appendicular
  2. 2What does the appendicular skeleton include?the extremities including the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle
  3. 3What are the two functions of the skin?protection and sensation
  4. 4Name the order of the layers of the skin from superficial to deepepidermis, dermis, hypodermis (superficial fascia)
  5. 5In what layer of skin is the reticular layer?epidermis
  6. 6What are some of the things found in the superficial fascia?fat, nerves, arteries, veins, fibrous connective tissue and retinacula cutaneous fascia
  7. 7What joins a bone to bone?ligament
  8. 8How many total vertebrae are there?33
  9. 9What does the spinal nerve flow through?vertebral foramina
  10. 10What makes up the vertebral arch or the neural arch?pedicles and lamina
  11. 11In which was does a superior articulating facet face?posterior
  12. 12Which way it the medial end of the clavicle curved?concave posterior
  13. 13Which end of the clavicle is flattened?acromial end
  14. 14Which side of the clavicle is the concoid tubercle on?the lateral end
  15. 15What inserts on the lateral posterior side of the clavicle?Trapezius ligament
  16. 16What muscle inserts on the inferior spine of the scapula?deltoid
  17. 17What is the only bone attached to the scapula?clavicle
  18. 18Which is more anterior, the lesser tubercle of the humerus or the greater tubercle?lesser
  19. 19What is the action of the upper fibers of the Trapezius?pull up on the clavicle and elevate the shoulder girdle.
  20. 20What is the action of the middle fibers of the Trapezius?elevates the acromion and rotates the scapula enabling full abduction and retraction of the scapula
  21. 21Where does the latissimus dorsi insert?the intertubercular groove on the humerus
  22. 22What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?Aponeuotic . SP of T7-S2, iliac crest, thoracocolumbar fascia and the lower four ribs
  23. 23What is the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae?origin: TP C1-4
    inserts: superior angle of scapula
  24. 24What innervates the levator scapulae?Ventral primary rami of C3-4
  25. 25What supplies blood to both the trapezius and the levator scapulae?transverse cervical artery
  26. 26What is the origin of the rhomboid major?SP T2-5
  27. 27What is the action of the serratus anterior?protracts the scapula, elevates the acromion and rotates glenoid cavity up
  28. 28How man articular processes are on each vertebrae?4
  29. 29What type of joint is the articulation between the AP facets?synovial gliding joints
  30. 30How is the intervertebral foramina formed?Each pedicle has a superior and inferior vertebra notch and when they are out together they form a foramina in which the spinal nerves can pass out of
  31. 31List all of the unique characteristics of the cervical vertebrae.small vertebral bodies
    large vertebral foramina
    transverse foramina (vertebral artery)
    The TP end in posterior and anterior tubercles
    The TP are short and C7 is the vertebral prominens
  32. 32List all of the unique characteristics of the thoracic vertebraesmaller vertebral foramina
    larger vertebral bodies
    long, pointed down SP
    costal facets on the vertebral body and on the TP
    TP pointed at 2 and 10 o' clock
  33. 33What are the remnant TPs of S1 called?Ala
  34. 34What is the lateral mass on the sacral vertebrae?the fused remnants of the TPs of S2-5
  35. 35What are the holes on the front of the sacral vertebrae called?Pelvic sacral foramina
  36. 36What is the dorsal root of the spinal cord in charge of?sensory input
  37. 37What occurs in the dorsal root ganglion?the information travels to the sensory cell bodies which relay the message to the neuron cell bodies which take to brain
  38. 38What do the spinal nerves branch into?ventral and dorsal rami
  39. 39What sensory information does the DPR carry to the spine?from the skin of the back
  40. 40What muscles do the DPR innervate?The deep back muscles
  41. 41Where is the cervical plexus?C1-4
  42. 42Where is the brachial plexus?C5-T1
  43. 43How many total pairs of spinal nerves are there?31
  44. 44How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are there?8
  45. 45What are the middle back muscles and where is there origin and insertion?Posterior superior serratus
    o: SP C6-T2
    i: top 4 posterior ribs
    Posterior inferior serratus
    o: SP T11-L2
    i: bottom 4 posterior ribs
  46. 46What is the origin and insertion of the splenius capitis and cervicis?Capitis: origintes SP C7-T3, inserts mastoid process and superior nuchal line
    Cervicis: originates SP T3-6, inserts TP C1-4
  47. 47What is the unilateral action of the erector spinae muscles?lateral flexion
  48. 48From lateral to medial what are the three columns of the erector spinae?iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
  49. 49What is the origin and insertion of Semispinalis capitis?originates TP T1-6 and AP C5-7 and inserts between the superior and inferior nuchal line
  50. 50The multifidus run from the TP to the __.SP of 3 vertebrae above
  51. 51What are the two types of rotators?longus and brevis
  52. 52In what areas of the back can you find the intertransversari and the interspinales?the cervical and the lumbar but NOT the thoracic
  53. 53Which muscles make up the suboccipital triangle?rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior and the obliquus capitis superior
  54. 54What is the action of the obliquus capitis superior?lateral flexion to the same side
  55. 55Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor originate?SP of C1 (inserts on medial inferior nuchal line)
  56. 56What can be found in the suboccipital triangle?the vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve
  57. 57What pierces the semispinalis muscle?greater occipital nerve
  58. 58What are the 4 types of fibrous joints?syndesmosis, gomphosis, suture, interosseous membrane
  59. 59What is an example of a synchrondosis joint?growth plate
  60. 60What is an example of a fibrocartilaginous joint?intervertebral joint
  61. 61List some of the defining features of a synovial joint.capsule, hyaline cartilage, syovial membrane, collateral ligament, intraarticulating disk, intracapsular joint ligament, and extracapsular joint ligament
  62. 62name the types of the synovial joint.Ball and socket- glenohumeral joint
    gliding (plane)- AP to AP, or intercarpal
    pivot- radioulnar joint
    saddle- thumb metacarpal to carpal
    hinge- humeroulnar joint
    condyloid- metacarpophalageal joint
  63. 63Describe the annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus.annular fibrosis is the surrounding ring of the intervertebral disk and the pulposus is inside
  64. 64Where are the most common sites of rupture on the intervertebral disk?posteriolateral
  65. 65What is the supraspinous ligament called from C1-C7?nuchal ligament
  66. 66What does the interspinous ligament do?It resists flexion and covers neural arch
  67. 67Where is the ligamentum flavum?It is inside the vertebral canal on the posterior side
  68. 68What do the ALL and the PLL have in common?They are both weak laterally
  69. 69Are kyphotic curves primary or secondary?primary
  70. 70Which motion is the atlas responsible for?nodding head yes at occipito atlanto joint
  71. 71What kind of joint does the dens make with the atlas?pivot
  72. 72What does the alar ligament hold the dens to?skull
  73. 73What does the apical ligament hold the dens to?occipital body
  74. 74What does the PLL become at C1 and 2?tectorial membrane
  75. 75What does the ligamentum flavum become?posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
  76. 76What is the name of the end of the spinal cord and where does it end?conus medullaris at L2
  77. 77What is special about the arachnoid mater?it secretes cerebral spinal fluid
  78. 78What encloses the scapular notch?Transverse scapular ligament (hard like bone) suprascapular artery over and suprascapular nerve under (army over navy)
  79. 79What is the insertion of the infraspinatus and what does it do?inserts on posterior greater tubercle and it laterally rotates
  80. 80What is the blood supply for the teres minor?scapular circumflex artery
  81. 81What does the subscapularis do?medially rotates shoulder
  82. 82What can be found in the triangular space?scapular circumflex artery
  83. 83What can be found in the quadrangular space?posterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary nerve
  84. 84What innervates the teres major?lower subscapular nerve
  85. 85What is the nerve and the artery for the deltoid?axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery

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graduate NBCOT prep Flashcards on Anatomy flashcards, created by JennyMurnan on 24/04/2015.
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