Flashcards
Anatomy 2 Lab practical
Cards in this deck (45)
- 1HormoneChemical messenger transported by blood; ductless
- 2Target organsorgans that respond to a particular hormone;
- 3Tropic hormoneshormones secreted by the anterior pituitary that targets other endocrine organs to secrete other hormones.
- 4Hypersecretionexcessive secretion of a hormone
- 5Hyposecretiondeficiency of a hormone
- 6Hypothalamusa component of the diencephalon of the brain; regulates blood pressure, hunger, thirst, body temperature, and some reproductive functions. Reg anterior pit gland
Produce ADH and Oxytocin for Post pit gland - 7GonadotropinsFSH and LH; target gonads (ovaries and testes for more release
- 8Anterior Pituitary Gland(adenohypophysis)
•Arises from outpocketing of the roof of the mouth
•Composed of epithelial tissue•Anterior pituitary hormones:
4 tropic hormones
•Gonadotropins: FSH & LH
•Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
•Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)
Other hormones
•Growth Hormone
•Prolactin - 9Posterior Pituitary Gland(neurohypophysis)
•Outgrowth of diencephalon
•Consists of nervous tissue
•Posterior pituitary hormones:
•Oxytocin
•ADH
Direct communication with hypothalamus - 10Pineal Gland•Small cone-shaped organ
•Located in the epithalamus
•Produces Melatonin
•Diurnal cycle
•Anti-aging properties
•Antioxidant - 11Melatoninneurohormone thought to control the daily sleep/wake cycle
- 12Thymus•Irregularly shaped gland
•Located in the mediastinum
•Larger in children
•Thymus hormones
•Thymulin
•Thymosin
•Thymopoietin
•T lymphocyte development
•Immune response
•Act as paracrines (target same organ) - 13ThymosinStimulate the production of T cells
- 14Thymopoietinaffects the rate at which your skin ages
- 15Thyroid Gland•Bi-lobed organ
•Located anterior to the trachea
•Has two lobes connected by a isthmus
•Colloid filled follicles: Stores TG
•Thyroid hormones
•Follicular Cells: Produces Thyroglobulin (TG)•Triiodothyronine•Thyroxine
•Parafollicular (C cells): Produces Calcitonin - 16Colloidiodine-rich gelatinous material
- 17Follicle cellssimple cuboidal epithelial cells
- 18TriiodothyronineT3
- 19ThyroxineT4
(preferred) - 20Parafollicular cellssecrete calcitonin, a hormone that decreases blood calcium levels
- 21PancreasBoth exo and endocrine organ
- 22Acinar tissueExocrine gland; produces digestive enzymes that reach the intestines via ducts
- 23Pancreatic isletproduce hormones that regulate blood glucose levels.
- 24GlucagonAlpha cells secrete glucagon;
Raises blood glucose - 25InsulinBeta cells secrete insulin;
Lowers blood glucose - 26SomatostatinDelta cells secrete somatostatin
- 27Parathyroid GlandsEmbedded on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
- 28chief cellssecrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), and oxyphil cells
- 29parathyroid hormonePTH elevates blood calcium levels by targeting bones, the kidneys, and the small intestine
Bones= Osteoclast
Kidney= reabsorption
Intestine= reabsorption - 30Adrenal GlandsOn top of kidneys
Flight or fight - 31Adrenal cortexOuter layer of adrenal gland;
Made of 3 different layers - 32Adrenal medullaInner layer of adrenal gland;
Made of neural tissue - 33Zona glomerulosaOuter layer of adrenal cortex;
Produces mineralcorticoids - 34mineralcorticoidregulate mineral balance
- 35aldosteroneA mineralcorticoid
Sodium retention/ contraction/ depolarization;
potassium secretion/relaxation/ repolarization - 36Zona fasciculataMiddle of adrenal cortex;
produce gluccocorticoid - 37Gluccocorticoidregulate glucose metabolism, as well as androgenic steroids
- 38cortisolmain glucocorticoid
Long term stress
Anti-inflamm, immune suppression, inc in glucose in blood. - 39zona reticularisInner layer of adrenal cortex
produce both glucocorticoids and androgenic steroids - 40chromaffin cellsof the adrenal medulla produce two catecholamines
Epinephrine and norepinephrine - 41EpinephrineStimulate metabolic activities
(short term) - 42norepinephrineLimb vascoconstriction
Inc in blood pressure - 43TestesFSH produce gametes/sperm
LH produce testosterone - 44OvariesFSH produce gametes/oocyte
LH produce estrogen - 45Capsule is composed ofConnective tissue
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- Flashcards on Anatomy 2 Lab practical, created by Kelly Ismond on 22/09/2020.
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- Kelly Ismond
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