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| Question | Answer |
| Amendment | A minor change in a document added to the United States Constitution. |
| Assimilate | Take in information and fully understand. |
| Bias | In favor or against someone or a group. |
| Bicameral | Having two branches or chambers in the legislative body. |
| Blockade | An act of preventing goods or people from entering or leaving. |
| Boomtown | A town receiving rapid growth due to sudden success. |
| Capitalism | An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. |
| Captain of Industry | Strong and powerful business leaders who gave the United States economy great success. |
| Checks and Balances | Where each branch of government has an influences on the other branches. |
| Congress | National legislative body of a country. |
| Due process of law | Allowing citizens to have fair treatment through the judicial system. |
| Economics | The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth. |
| Emancipated | To free from bondage (slavery). |
| Enfranchise | Give the right to vote to. |
| Enumerated | To mention (a number of things) one by one. |
| Federalism | The federal principle or system of government. |
| Forty-Niner | A person or group of people involved in the California gold rush of 1849. |
| Free Enterprise | An economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control. |
| Habeus Corpus | A person who got arrested that has the right to be brought to a judge or into court. |
| Industry | Processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories. |
| Judicial | Pertaining to courts of law or to judges. |
| Ku Klux Klan | A secret organization in the south that took place several years after the Civil War. They were against blacks and was responsible for many violent things. |
| Manifest Destiny | American expansion that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast |
| Martyr | A person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs. |
| Monopoly | A situation in which a single company or group owns all or nearly all of the market for a given type of product or service. |
| Nomadic | Anything that involves moving around a lot. |
| Override | Authority to reject or cancel (a decision, view, etc.). |
| Popular Sovereignty | The source of governmental power lies with the people. |
| Ratify | To approve. |
| Radical | A erson who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform. |
| Republicanism | The ideology of governing a society or state as a republic, where the head of state is a representative of the people who hold popular sovereignty rather than the people being subjects of the head of state. |
| Robber Baron | An American who acquired a fortune in the late nineteenth century by ruthless means. |
| Rural | Of or relating to the country. |
| Separation of Powers | The powers of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches are divided among the power. |
| Social Darwinism | The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. |
| Suffrage | Right to vote in political elections. |
| Supreme Court | The highest judicial court in a country or state. |
| Tariff | A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports. |
| Taxation without representation | Colonists weren't allowed to choose the representative so there was a law made to pay taxes. |
| Trade Union | An association of employees formed to improve their incomes and working conditions by collective bargaining with the employer or employer organizations. |
| Urban | Of or relating to the city. |
| Veto | Against or reject something in terms of the law. |
| Thomas Jefferson | He was the third president of the United States. He was responsible for the Louisiana Purchase and signed the United States Constitution. |
| Andrew Jackson | Was the 17th president of the United States. He was disliked by many and he was in charge of the Indian Removal Act. |
| Sacagawea | Sacagawea is known for accompanying the Lewis and Clark Expedition. She served as a guide and interpreter on the journey. She was also a mother. |
| James Polk | James Polk was the 11th president of the United States. He was the last strong president of thee Civil War. He was known as "Mr. Manifest Destiny" for the president who gained the most land for the United States. |
| Frederick Douglass | Born a slave in Maryland. Escaped slavery and became an abolitionist writer. |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Born in Connecticut. She as an abolitionist who knew slavery very well. She was most famous for her books. |
| John Brown | A white American white American abolitionist who believed armed insurrection was the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery. He commanded many battles and was involved in Harpers Ferry Raid and Bleeding Kansas. |
| Robert E. Lee | He was an American soldier who commanded the army of Northern Virginia during the Civil War. He surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9th because he could no longer turn the war's tide. |
| Andrew Johnson | Was the 17th president of the United States after Lincoln. Known as the "veto" president because he was against black equality. |
| Susan B. Anthony | Played a vital role in the women's suffrage movement. She was against slavery. She was apart of many women's rights conventions and helped establish the 19th amendment. |
| Sitting Bull | Chief of Sioux Tribe. Played a big part in the Ghost Dance Movement. Forced to reservation and was shot and killed. |
| George Custer | He served in the Civil War. He led men into a battle at Little Bighorn against Lakota and Cheyenne warriors. Custer and all of his men were killed in the battle. |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | He was a philanthropist who built his wealth in railroads and shipping. He was one of the richest men in history. |
| John Rockefeller | Rockefeller was a business philanthropist. He was a founder of oil and made all of his wealth off of it. |
| Andrew Carnegie | He started his life being poor but he worked his way to the top with the steel industry. He sold his steel company to J.P. Morgan and donated all of his money to libraries and schools. |
| Jamestown | Founded in 1607, was the first successful permanent English settlement in what would become the United States. In 1612, a colonist named John Rolfe began experimenting with tobacco, that such a commodity was found. |
| Plymouth | Plymouth was the site of the colony founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims, passengers of the famous ship the Mayflower. Founded as the 2nd permanent English settlement. |
| Lexington and Concord | The first official battle of the Revolutionary War. Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts. |
| Erie Canal | Built for a new way to get goods from one place to another. |
| The Alamo | A battle that took place during the Texas Revolution. |
| Harper's Ferry | Abolitionist John Brown led a small group on a raid against a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia), in an attempt to start an armed slave revolt and destroy the institution of slavery. |
| Fort Sumter | First battle of the Civil War that took place in Charleston, North Carolina. Confederates took control of the fort. This battle gave a false impression of a short and bloodless war. |
| Gettysburg | This battle was a victory for the North. Took place in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Most well-known battle because it was a turning point in the war. Also was the bloodiest battle. |
| Appomattox Courthouse | Where the war ended, in Virginia. Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9th, 1865. Lee could no longer hold his end of the war. |
| Ford's Theatre | Lincoln was assassinated here on April 14th, 1865. John Wilkes Booth shot him in the head. |
| Promontory Point, Utah | Where the continental railroad meets. |
| Ellis Island and Angel Island | Where European and Asian immigrants came before entering the country. |
| Declaration of Independence | July 4th, 1776. The United States announces its independence from England. In this letter the reasons why the colonists are separating are listed for King George the lll. |
| Revolutionary War | This was a war to gain American Independence from Britain. The first battle took place at Lexington and Concord in 1775 and lasted through the battle of Yorktown in 1781.T |
| Articles of Confederation | The first written constitution of the United States or the "rough draft." It still faced some issues and was fixed and renamed as the Declaration of Independence. |
| Great Compromise | Representation in the Legislative Branch. House of representatives based on a state's population. Every state receives 2 senates. |
| Passing of the Constitution | TheU.S. Constitution established America's national government and fundamental laws, and guaranteed certain basic rights for its citizens. |
| Adding the Bill Of Rights | The Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. It contains rights designed to guarantee individual freedom, several of which apply to criminal procedure. |
| Louisiana Purchase | When the United States purchased approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million dollars from France. |
| Missouri Compromise | Banned slavery in the Louisiana Territory. Made Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state. |
| Indian Removal Acts | Andrew Jackson invaded Indian Territory and forced them all to walk on the Trail of Tears to Oklahoma Territory. |
| Mexican-American War | The Mexican American War marked the first U.S. armed conflict chiefly fought on foreign soil. |
| California Gold Rush | Gold was found in California by James W. Marshall. It soon spread and over 300,000 people came to California seeking for gold. |
| Homestead Act | This was a law passed that offered up to 160 acres of land to any head of a family who paid a registration fee, used for land for 5 years, or built onto the land. |
| Industrial Revolution | A time where the economy boomed into an expansion of factories and factory workers. |
| Underground Railroad | Led by Harriet Tubman. This helped many slaves escape from slavery and not get caught by their owners. |
| Seneca Falls Convention | The first women's rights convention, an attempt to make the overall women have more social, civil, and religious rights |
| Compromise of 1850 | California would be determined a free state, New Mexico would be a slave state. This would also ban slave trade and improved the Fugitive Slave Act |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This allowed residents determine if slavery was legal or not. In this term it created much violence and people began moving territories |
| Dred Scott v. Stanford | A court case when a former freed slave wanted his freedom from his master. Because his master moved him to a place where slavery at the time was illegal, it was not legal to keep him working as a slave |
| Fugitive Slave Act | A law passed in relation to the compromise of 1850 that provided slaveholders with legal weapons to capture slaves who had escaped |
| Bleeding Kansas | Led by abolitionist John Brown this time had very violent encounters between anti-slavery people, pro-slavery people, and free-staters |
| Civil War | This war between 1861 and 1865 determined what our nation would be today, fought between the Union and Confederacy ending in a victory for the Union |
| Emancipation Proclamation | An order given by Abraham Lincoln to free all slaves in the states of "rebellion" |
| Civil War Draft Riots | These could help people out of serving in the military. Wealthier people had an advantage in which they could pay the draft off, therefore much conflict was caused with poorer people who didn't have anything to pay these off. |
| Gettysburg Address | This was a speech that was given by Lincoln. It was halfway through the war when many in the Union were thinking about giving up. It also honored those who were buried at Gettysburg. |
| Reconstruction | The time period following the Civil War in which congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern States back into the Union |
| Civil War Amendments | 13th,14th, 15th amendments were also known as this. In which, they abolished slavery, granted African Americans citizenship and allowed African American men the right to vote. |
| Completion of the Transcontinental Railroad | Allowed goods to be shipped from across the continent. It was faster, easier, and safer. |
| Indian Wars | These were multiple conflicts between American settlers or the United States government and the native peoples of North America in the earliest colonial settlement until 1890. |
| Gilded Age | Refers to a superficial period of intense economic growth. Many people were involved who could be classified as caption of industries or robber barons. |
| Populist Party | People just like the common folk that were against interests of railroads, bankers, corporations and the politicians who supported these. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Supreme court case ruled separate but equal facilities between whites and blacks was okay in 1896. |
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