2645299
Description
Flashcards by kerryrandfield, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by kerryrandfield
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Gram Formula Mass (GFM) | mass, in grams, of one mole of a substance |
| Limiting Reactant | the reactant that is completely used up in a reaction |
| Excess Reactants | the reactants that are not used up completely in a reaction |
| Percentage Yield | a measure of the efficiency with which the reactants have been converted actual yield/theoretical yield x100 |
| Theoretical Yield | the mass of product that ought to be produced based on mole ratios |
| Collision Theory | > particles must collide.. > ..with sufficient energy.. >..in correct orientation |
| Activation Energy | an energy barrier that must be overcome before reaction can occur |
| Activated Complex | an unstable arrangement of atoms formed at the maximum potential energy barrier |
| Exothermic Reaction | reaction in which gives out energy (negative enthalpy) |
| Endothermic Reaction | a reaction which takes in energy (positive enthalpy) |
| Enthalpy | measure of chemical energy stored in substances (kJ/mol) |
| Enthalpy Change | the difference between final total enthalpy of products and initial total enthalpy of reactants |
| Enthalpy of Combustion | enthalpy change when one mole of a substance burns completely in oxygen (products in standard states at 25 degrees and 1 atmosphere pressure) |
| Hess's Law | "the overall enthapy change in a reaction, or sequence of reactions, depends only on the reactants and products, and not on the route taken" |
| Bond Enthalpy | the energy required to break one mole of bonds and form two separate atoms, (all species in gaseous state) |
| Mean Bond Enthalpy | average energy required to break one mole of bonds to form two separate atoms (all species in gaseous state) |
| Reaction is at Equilibrium | > rate of forward reaction = rate of backwards reaction > concentrations of reactants and products are constant (but not necessarily equal) |
| Position of Equilibrium to the right | More products than reactants (in a reversible reaction) |
| Factors Affecting Equilibrium Position | > temperature > pressure (if moles of gases is different) |
| Atom Economy | a measure of the potential amount of waste through the production of by-products for any reaction mass desired product/mass reactants x100 |
| Molar Volume | the volume that of one mole of a gas occupies at a certain temperature and pressure (same for all gases at same conditions) |
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