Flashcards
Waves
Cards in this deck (43)
- 1Waves transfer ____ from one location to anotherEnergy
- 2Mechanical waves transfer energy through matter called a ____(____ would be plural)Medium, media
- 3Once a source of energy causes a disturbance in the medium, what happens?The particles of the medium vibrate in places, and as they vibrate the energy is passed from one particle to the next.
- 4Name the three types of mechanical wavesTransverse, longitudinal, and surface
- 5What are transverse waves?Waves where the particles of the medium vibrate at right angles (or perpendicular to) the direction that the wave (and it's energy) is traveling.
- 6What are longitudinal waves?Longitudinal waves (also known as compression waves) have particles that vibrate in the direction that the wave (and its energy) is moving.
- 7What are surface waves?Waves that travel along the surface of a medium (like ocean waves). Surface waves are a combination of both transverse and longitudinal waves (the particles move both up and down and side to side in an overall circular motion.
- 8Name the 3 wave parts:Rest (line in middle of the wave), Crest (highest point in wave), trough (lowest point in wave).
- 9What is Amplitude?Amplitude is measured from the rest to the top of a crest or the bottom of a trough and is measured in meters or centimeters.
- 10What is a wavelength?A wavelength, for a transverse wave, is the distance from one crest to the next. Wavelength is measured in meters or centimeters.
- 11What is Frequency?The number of complete waves in a given point. Measured in meters or centimeters.
- 12What makes up one wave?One crest and one trough.
- 13When wavelength increases, what decreases?Frequency and energy, vice versa.
- 14What is the equation for wave speed?Wavelength times Frequency
- 15What is the unit for frequency?Hz (Hertz)
- 16What is the unit for wave speed?m/s, cm/s, etc. Will always be measured in seconds.
- 17What is the symbol for wavelength?λ (Called lamba.)
- 18What kind of waves or sound waves?Longitudinal mechanical waves
- 19Sound waves are mechanical waves, so they can only travel through _____ and not _____ _____.Matter, empty space
- 20The is ____ pressure in rarefactions, and _____ pressure in compressions.Low, high
- 21Sound waves travel through _____ the quickest and _____ the slowest due to the densities of these substances.Quickest through solids, and slowest through gases
- 22When particles are closer together they can quickly pass the _____ of _____ to nearby ______.energy of vibrations to nearby particles
- 23What is the speed of sound in air? (Important!)Approx. 343 m/s
- 24What is the speed of sound in water? (Important!)Approx. 1500 m/s
- 25For sound waves, what is frequency and what is amplitude?Frequency is pitch, amplitude is volume.
- 26For light waves, what is frequency and what is amplitude?Frequency is color, amplitude is brightness.
- 27High frequency equals a short or long wavelength?Short, and vice versa
- 28What is Sonar?A system for the detection of objects under water and for measuring the water's depth by emitting sound pulses and detecting or measuring their return after being reflected.
- 29What is reflection?When a wave strikes an object and bounces off.
- 30What is the law of reflection?angle of incidence=angle of reflection
- 31What is Diffraction?Bending of waves around a barrier
- 32What does the amount of bending depend on?The relative size of the wavelength of light to the size of the opening.
- 33What is refraction?The bending of waves caused by a change in their speed when the move from one medium to another.
- 34______ wavelengths are refracted more than ______ wavelengthsshorter, longer
- 35____ frequencies are refracted more than _____ frequencieshigher, lower
- 36Light bends when it passes from _____ to ______water to air, air to water
- 37When does refraction occur?When waves bend as they enter a new medium at an angle and start traveling at a different speed.
- 38What is constructive interference?Waves combine to form a more powerful wave (Increase in amplitude)
- 39When does constructive interference occur?When the crest of two waves line up perfectly, resulting in an increase in amplitude.
- 40What is destructive interference?Waves combine to form a less powerful wave. (Decrease in amplitude)
- 41When does destructive interference occur?When the crest of two waves line up as opposites, cancelling each other out.
- 42Interference can cause a increase or decrease of _______ or ________Volume or brightness
- 43What is the equation for reflection (distance)?distance=1/2st (Speed*Time)
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- Learn all about waves and sound waves.
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- Aidan Leibowitz
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