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Description
Flashcards by martyna142, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by martyna142
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Bases | Sodium Hydroxide (alkaline)=coven cleanes, Ammonia=cleaning Sodium Carbonate=soda |
| Arrhenious Base | a substance that dissociates in aqueous solution, forming hydroxide ions OH- |
| Arrhenius Acid | a substance that dissociates in aqueous solution, forming hydrogen ions H+ |
| Acids | household: vinegar= ethanoic acid lemon juice= citric acid Sulfuric acid- car battery Nitric acid |
| Bronsted -Lowry base | is a proton acceptor. |
| Bronsted- Lowry acid | is a proton donor |
| Neutralisation | is the reaction between an acid and a base to give a salt and water. |
| Strong acids | Fully dissociate in H2O(water) ie. almost every molecule breaks up to give a H+ ion. Conduct electricity- there are no ions present in a pure acid. |
| Strong Base | Fully dissociates with H2O (water) giving OH- |
| Mono basic acids | are ones that only donate one ion in solution. Di basic and Tri basic give two and three respectively. |
| Ion | atom or molecule in which number of protons and electrons is unequal, carries negative or positive electric charge. |
| Limitations to Arrhenius Theory | is limited to acid-base reactions that take place in water. Does not explain how certain substances can be amphoteric. |
| An amphoteric substance | is one which can react as an acid with a base and as a base with an acid. (water) |
| A conjugate acid | is formed when a proton (H+) is added to a Bronster-Lowry base. |
| A conjugate base | is formed when a proton (H+) is removed form a Bronsted-Lowry acid. |
| A conjugate acid-base pair | is an acid base that differ by the presence or absence of a proton.(H+)hydrogen ion. |
| Uses of neutralisation | Lime (calcium hydroxide) is a base used in agriculture to nautralise acidic soil. an antacid is taken which is a base that neutralises the excess acid in our stomachs. |
| Methyl Orange indicator | Pink in acid yellow/orange in base |
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