31019711
Description
Flashcards by Lauren Parker, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lauren Parker
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is a simple equation for respiration? | glucose+oxygen-> CO2+H20+energy |
| what is the purpose of respiration? | to provide the organism/ cell with energy. respiration releases energy from substrates like glucose to produce ATP |
| what is ATP? | adenosine triphosphate |
| what is the structure of ATP? what are the bonds? | -3 phosphate groups (held together with high energy bonds) -ribose sugar (5 carbon compound) -adenine |
| what is adenosine, a feature of ATP made of? | ribose sugar+adenine |
| what is ADP? | adenosine diphosphate |
| what is the equation for ATP? | ADP+phosphate+energy= ATP |
| what is the enzyme called in the ADP reaction? | adenosinetryphosphatesynthetase |
| where does the energy used in the reaction to form ATP come from? | energy is released from bonds in glucose and used to combine ADP+Pi (phosphate |
| How is energy released from ATP? | Using ATPase (adenosinetriphosphatesynthetase) in a hydrolysis reaction |
| what is a hydrolysis reaction? | a splitting reaction using water |
| how much energy is produced from one ATP? | 30kj |
| what is energy produced from ATP used for? | -muscle contraction -active transport -synthesis of proteins or DNA -nerve impulses and transmission |
| what is the universal energy currency of the cell that occurs in all organisms (prokaryote and eukaryote)? | ATP |
| what is the effect of the ATP reaction happening in one step? | -very fast -stays within the cell/ no movement -small package of energy therefore more efficient use of energy |
| define the two forms of respiration | aerobic: requires the prescence of the oxygen and results in complete combustion of the glucose anaerobic: takes place when oxygen is not present |
| what happens to glucose in anaerobic respiration? | it is not fully combusted therefore less ATP is formed |
| what is the product of anerobic respiration in mammals? | lactic acid |
| what is the product of anaerobic respiration in yeast? | ethanol and carbon dioxide |
| what is yeast? | single-celled fungus |
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