BIOL122

Question	Answer
List Risk Factors For ATH (Atherosclerosis)	Hypertension Sedentary Life Style Smoking Poor Diet Genetics Obesity Age
What are the Possible Consequences of ATH?	MI Stoke IHD Embolism
What is Blood Pressure? What is Mean Arterial Pressure?	The pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries during systole or diastole. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a term used in medicine to describe an average blood pressure in an individual.[1] It is defined as the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle.
What healing process is the following referring to? • the body’s response to injury • second-line, non-specific defence • acute or chronic	Inflammation
List 4 Purposes of Inflammation	• destroys, dilutes or neutralises injurious agent • stimulates the immune response • cleans up dead tissue and debris • enables healing
List Stimuli for Inflammation	• infections • trauma • physical agents • chemical agents • tissue necrosis • foreign bodies • immune reactions
Name and Describe the 2 Phases of Inflammation	1) Vascular phase • changes in vascular calibre and flow 2) Cellular phase • emigration of white blood cells (WBC)
Injurious agents activate many chemical factors from either: i) ? ii) ?	i) Cells e.g. histamine ii) Plasma e.g Complement Cascade
The part of the immune system that helps or complements the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism is?	The Complement System
Name the Order The Following Occur During The Vascular Phase of Inflammation. increased vascular permeability vasoconstriction vasodilation	1.vasodilation 2. vasoconstriction 3. increased vascular permeability
________ is a fluid that passes through a membrane, which filters out all the cells and much of the protein, yielding a watery solution. It is due to increased pressure in the veins and capillaries that forces fluid through the vessel walls or to a low level of protein in blood serum.	Transudate
A fluid rich in protein and cellular elements that oozes out of blood vessels due to inflammation and is deposited in nearby tissues is known as?	Exudate
Which of the following statements about healing is INCORRECT? a. A surgical incision will most likely heal by secondary intention b. Inflammation is an essential part of normal healing c. Resolution is preferable to repair d. Granulation tissue is highly vascular	a. A surgical incision will most likely heal by secondary intention
Factors that would be expected to interfere with the normal healing process include	a. limited blood supply to the site b. the patient being elderly c. use of corticosteroid drugs d. the patient suffering from stress
Which of the following factors will impede wound healing? Select one: a. A reduced number of neutrophils b. Presence of debris c. Use of corticosteroids d. Poor nutrition e. All	e. All the above
Which of the following are causes of non-inflammatory oedema? a. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure b. Decreased plasma osmotic pressure c. Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure d. A and B are correct e. B and C are correct	d. A and B are correct
Oedema may result from all of the following EXCEPT a. Congestive cardiac failure b. Obstruction of the common bile duct c. Increased capillary permeability due to inflammation d. Cirrhosis of liver e. Lymphatic obstruction	b. Obstruction of the common bile duct
A high amount of corticosteroids in the plasma is essential for proper wound healing. True or False	False
Anti-inflammatory drugs or hormones improve the rate of healing by reducing the inflammatory response. True of False	False
Primary intention healing occurs when a large area of tissue has been destroyed. True or False	False
Healing can only occur if a sufficient inflammatory response has occurred. True of False	True
Increased sodium excretion is likely to Contribute or not contribute to peripheral Oedema	Not
An increase in T-helper cells is a result of acute inflammation. TRUE or FALSE	False
During the Cellular phase – emigration of WBC • leukocytes are recruited from _____? • leukocytes migrate to site of injury via _____	Blood Chemotaxis
the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus is referred to as?	Chemotaxis
During the Cellular Phase of Inflammation, Leukocytes are activated to perform what function?	phagocytosis
Redness, warmth, swelling, pain, loss of function are all signs of ________?	Inflammation
Acute inflammatory response 1. Injurious agent eg) burn, microbe -> 2. ??? -> i) Vasodilation ii) ?? iii) Emigration of WBC	2. Activate chemical factors (from cells and tissues) ii) Increased vascular permeability
Chronic inflammation is? (3 Points)	• persistent • lasts 2 weeks or longer • tissue destruction
List some Systemic Effects of Inflammation	• fever • malaise • anorexia • accelerated degradation of skeletal muscle proteins • hypotension • hepatic protein synthesis • leukocytosis
2 Main Groups of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs	1) Glucocorticoids eg) cortisone, prednisolone 2) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) eg) aspirin, ibuprofen

Next up

Description

Resource summary

Similar

	Created by Michael Kempe about 9 years ago