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Created by Kayla Taylor
almost 4 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Hydrocarbon | chains of carbon and hydrogens |
monosaturated | one double bond |
unsaturated | a double bond |
saturated | max number of hydrogens no double bonds |
Fiber | important component of diet helps sweep out digestive system |
4 macromolecules | carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, nucleic acids |
monomer | small individual organic molecules |
polymer | monomer conbined |
Dehydration sythesis | build a polymer out of monomers water molecule released to create bonds |
Hydrololysis | breaking down polymers adding a water molecule to break bonds |
carbohydrates function | energy |
carbohydrates inclue 3 subtypes of | Sugars |
3 subtypes of sugar | -monosaccharide - disaccharide -polysaccharide |
simple sugar | monosaccharide ex. glucose |
storage of glucose | glycogen |
2 monosaccharides | disaccharide ex maltose= 2 glucose |
more than 2 monosaccharide | polysaccharides long chains |
Enantiomers | molecules that share the same chemical strucutre but are mirrored images L- left D- right |
structure and function of polysaccharide depends on | monomers and position of glycosidic bonds |
covalent bonds that are formed between monosaccharides | Glycosidic |
What is starch | Storage polysaccharide |
macromolecule that is nonpolar, hydrophobic and made of hydrocarbons | Lipid |
what are the two main component of a lipid | Glycerol and fatty acid |
What is a glycerol composed of | 3 carbon alcohols with hydroxyl group on each carbon |
Triglyceride | 3 fatty acids and glycerol |
Type of linkage in lipids | ester linkage |
saturated fats | no double bonds and solid at room temp |
unsaturated fats | double bonds and liquid at room temp |
-ane -ene -yne | -single carbon bond -double carbon bond -triple carbon bond |
aldoses | carbonyl group at end |
ketoses | carbonyl group in middle |
Amylose, branched or unbranched (starch) | unbranched |
Amylopectin, branched or unbranched (starch) | branched |
most common monosaccharide | Glucose |
what is a fatty acid | carboxyl group attached to hydrocarbon |
Omega 3s | essential fatty acid body does not synthesis it |
fats function | energy storage 9 kcal per gram |
where do mammals store fat | adipose cells |
what is a phosolipid | major component of cell membrane -2 fatty acids -modified phosphate group -glycerol |
what part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic and hydrophillic | fatty acids - hydrophobic phosphate - hydrophillic |
Amphipathic | both hydrophobic and hydrophillic |
what is a steriod | carbon skeleton of 4 linked rings |
most abundent and diverse macromolecule | protien |
monomer of protiens | amino acid |
amino acids are linked together with ____ bonds | peptide |
primary structure | amino acid sequence |
secondary structure | alpha helix or beta sheets |
tertiary structure | 3-d structure |
bonds that hold together secondary protien structure | hydrogen bonds |
quaternary structure | 2 or more polypeptide chains doesnt always get to quaternary |
macromolecule that carries blueprints for protiens | nucleic acids |
central dogma of bio | dna-mrna-protien |
polymer of nucleic acids | polynucleotides |
components of polynuceotides | -nitrogenous base -pentose suagr -phosphate group |
pyrimides | single rings -cytosine -thymine |
purines | 2 rings -adenine -guanine |
polynucleotides joined by | phosphodiester bonds |
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