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Description
Flashcards by Jin Braicovic, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jin Braicovic
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Group 1 metals | do not precipitate |
| Precipitation Reactions | when two ionic substances are mixed, sometimes a new ionic substance forms. - it is insoluble - that insoluble substance is called a precipitate |
| sulphate | so4-2 |
| carbonate | co3-2 |
| Hydroxide | oh- |
| nitrate | no3- |
| Acetate | ch3coo- |
| nitrates | are all soluble |
| Chlorides Bromides Iodides | cl- Br- I- are mostly soluble |
| Periods | horizontal rows on the periodic table |
| Groups | Vertical columns on the periodic table |
| metals | left of the staircase |
| non-metals | (and hydrogen) |
| Mettaloids | |
| Noble gases | group 18 unreactive and stable |
| Alkali metals | Group 1 |
| Alkali earth metals | Group 2 |
| Halogens | Group 17 |
| radioactive | lead (number 83) or higher technetium promethium also radioactive |
| order of valency | +1,+2,+3, +_4, -3,-2,-1,-0 |
| roman numerals | oxidation state some metals can exist in both states |
| Reactants | the substances that present before the chemical change takes place written on the left (before) |
| Products | are the one present in the end Written on the right (after) |
| Catalysts | speed up the reaction |
| chemical reactions occur when... | Reacting species collide effectively |
| oxidation | loss of electrons |
| Reduction | gain of electrons |
| solid -> gas | sublimation |
| Gas->solid | Deposition |
| mole | a unit of measurement for amount of substance |
| Atomic number | equal to the amount of protons the number on the element |
| Ion | A molecule that does not have the same amount of elections as protons |
| Mass number | the number of protons and neutrons together |
| Atomic weight | the weight of the element |
| valency | elements in the same group have the same valency |
| ionic bonding | metals combine with non-metals the transfer of electrons |
| Covalent bonding | non-metals combine with non-metals the sharing of electrons |
| Metallic bonding | metals combine with metals |
| what do atoms do during chemical reaction? | no new atoms are created atoms rearrange to form new bonds |
| Protons | the atomic number positively charged (pro) |
| electrons | atomic number negatively charged (el-iminate) |
| neutrons | the mass number - the atomic number have no charge (neutral) |
| acid | a compound that easily releases hydrogen |
| Base | that will neutralize an acid does not dissolve in water |
| salt | a compound containing metallic and non-metallic elements |
| diatomic | Diatomic molecules are molecules composed of only two atoms |
| carbonic acid | H2CO3 |
| Hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| Sulfuric acid | H2S04 |
| Nitric acid | HN03 |
| Acetic acid | C2H4O2 |
| Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 |
| Neutralisation reaction | when acids react with a variety of other chemicals |
| Acid + metal --> | salt + hydrogen gas |
| Acid + Carbonate --> | salt + carbon dioxide + water |
| Acid + base --> | salt + water |
| Cations | positive ions and form when a neutral atom loses electrons (ca-nt believe i lost an ion) |
| anions | positive ions that form when a neutral atom gains an electron. (an- ion) (gain) |
| Elements | pure substances composed of atoms with the same atomic number |
| solute | the substance being dissolved |
| solvent | the substance that dissolves the solute |
| Electron configuration | the distribution of electrons in an atom |
| Exothermic reactions | Release energy |
| Endothermic Reactions | Absorbs energy |
| Decompositition reaction | When a single reactant forms 2 or more products |
| Hydrogen Bonds | When hydrogen bonds to elements: N, O and F (nitrogen, oxygen and Fluorine) |
| indicators | change colour in the presence of an acid or a base -litmus -methyl orange Phenolphthalein |
| Prefixes | if it has a metal, DONT put prefix Mono, di, tri, tetra, penta |
| Ammonia | NH3- |
| Ammonium | NH4- |
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