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Description
Flashcards by tess.conlon, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by tess.conlon
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Cell Membrane | Separate cells from environment. Allow cells to create internal compartments to maximize efficiency (compartments=organelles) Very specific about what substances they allow to cross them. |
| Factors that cell membranes are fussy about | - size - polarity - charge Small molecules with no charge cross most easily. Large and/or charged particles are tightly regulated. |
| Fluid mosaic model | The molecules that make up the cell membrane move around continuously. Proteins and other molecules bob around in the bi-layer. Called fluid mosaic model because fluid: movement and mosaic: interspersed with proteins and other molecules. |
| Structure of cell membrane | Phospho-lipid bilayer interspersed with other molecules. |
| Phospholipid Bi-layer | Hydrophilic head- turns and faces the outside- attracted to water. Hydrophobic tail, faces the middle. |
| Simple Diffusion | Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Small, uncharged particles are able to use this method. Does not require energy |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Similar to simple diffusion except that the particles move through transport/carrier protein to reach the other side. Particles tend to be larger and more polar or charged. Still move down the concentration gradient. no energy required. |
| Active Transport | Particles must move through transport proteins. Move against conc. gradient., DOES require energy in the form of ATP. |
| Endocytosis | Movement of large particles or bulk quantities into a cell. part of cell membrane forms a vesicle around a particle then moves into cytosol. REQUIRES energy. |
| Exocytosis | Bulk transport out of cell, requires energy |
| Osmosis | Movement of water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. Does NOT require energy |
| Solution gradient forms |
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