Flashcards
Ch 15 Sound for Production
Cards in this deck (56)
- 1A pressure wave, consisting of an alternating pattern of high pressure (compression) and low pressure (rarefaction) traveling through air.Sound Wave
- 2The Four Basic Properties of Sound.Pitch (frequency)
Loudness (amplitude)
Quality (timbre)
Velocity (speed) - 3Sound waves travel in fairly consistent ______ cycles.Wave
- 4The length of one wave cycle, from peak to peak which then repeats itself.Wavelength
- 5Name of measure of cycles per secondHertz (Hz)
- 6The fewer cycles per second the lower the _______, the more cycles per second, the higher the ___________.Pitch
- 7The range of detectable pitches for a given apparatus is called the ____________ rangefrequency
- 8The "hearing" range for a particular piece of gear is called its frequency __________.Response
- 9The measure of the loudness of the sound.Amplitude
- 10Measure of loudnessDecibels (dB)
*3 dBs to double or half loudness* - 11The loudness range that the human ear can distinguish falls between the threshold of ________ and the threshold of ________. EX: Conversation 55 dB, Whisper 25 dB, Scream 75 dB, Eardrums rupture 150dBHearing; Pain
- 12The range of different loudness levels is referred as the ____________ range.Dynamic
- 13According to the _______ _______ law: The amplitude of a sound wave diminishes as it travels through space; The intensity of a given sound decreases by the square of its distance from the sound source.Inverse Square Law
- 14The central and dominant shape of the wave is called the ________ tone.Fundamental
- 15Fundamental tones resonate with a series of imperctions and coinciding waves that represent _______ and __________.Overtones; Harmonics
- 16The unique tonal composition and characteristics of the sound. This allows to easily distinguish different instruments.Timbre
- 171,086 feet per secondSpeed of Sound
- 18Getting the best quality sound possibleProduction sound
Field recording
Field mixing
Audio gathering - 19____________ is any sound that is recorded in the same environment as the images.Location Sound
- 20Categories of Location Sound: __________ sound and _________ soundSynchronous sound (sync)
&
Wild sound (non sync) - 21Sound recorded simultaneously with the taking of the image.Sync sound
- 22______-System - when both audio and video are gathered at the same time with the same apparatus and are recorded in sync on the same media.Single-System
- 23__________-System film production requires additional and specialized equipment for sync sound shooting to ensure that the audio recorder and camera run precise speeds without fluctuation.Double - System
- 24________ Sound: Audio that is recorded on location but not simultaneously with the picture, and has no corresponding picture to be in sync with.Wild Sound
- 252 Common Types of Wild Sound: ____________ Sound (room tone) AND __________ Sound Effects (spot sound effects)Ambient Sound
&
Location Sound Effects - 26Room Acoustics and Background Noise make _________ sound.Ambient
- 27Term for sound bouncing off surfacesReverberation (reverb)
- 28________ Sound: Sound from the sourceDirect Sound
- 29Live Recording Space vs. Dead Recording SpaceLIVE: boomy or echoey places; sound that duplicates itself over and over again
DEAD: Places where there is poor reflective surfaces, they usually absorb sound - 30The audible difference in the acoustic quality between these two live spaces is the difference in ______ delay.Reverb Delay
- 31Sounds that occur naturally in any specific recording location.Back Ground Noise
or
Atmospheric sounds - 32______ & _____ system refers to the number of machines needed to record your image and sound during a shootDouble-System
Single-System - 33________ _______ __________ ensures a constant and compatible speed for the sync sound cameras.Crystal Sync Oscillator
- 34______ is used to A. Place a positive visual identification at the head of every take. B. To create a one-frame, easily identifiable reference "moment" with which to line up the picture and sound later in postproduction.Slate
- 35Basic Signal Path of Digital Recording: 1. Source of sound 2. Sound waves enter microphone, which converts the acoustic energy into fluctuations of electrical voltage (aka mic signal).3. The low voltage is passed through preamp = boosts the signal. Then through an analog-to-digital converter. Which switches it to binary code.
4. Playback: data is sent to a digital-to-analog converter, then changed to electronic energy and outputs a line signal. - 365. The audio line signal travels to speakers/headphones, where magnets, sound coils, and cones convert the electric energy back into acoustic sound waves.6. The audio data can also be sent digitally via FireWire or USB connection to the yard drive of a digital editing system.
- 37A device that converts acoustic energy (sound waves) into electrical energy (electrical signal).Microphone
- 38A thin membrane that is extremely sensitive to the vibration of air particles. (A part of a microphone)Diaphragm
- 39_______ Microphone generates a signal through electromagnetic principles. Consists of a highly acoustically sensitive diaphragm to which a wire coil, with a permanent magnet charge, is attached. Have a rugged construction and less expensiveDynamic Microphone
or
Moving coil microphone - 40Coil that suspended around a permanently fixed magnet on the microphone.Voice coil
- 41______ and ______ work similar to a dynamic microphone but they work on voltage fluctuation within an electric capacitor.Condenser and Electret Condenser
- 42Most professional-quality microphones send a balanced output utilizing the standard XLR professional microphone connector.Balanced output usually has a way to cancel out any noise.
- 43_______ Response refers to the sensitivity of a given microphone to frequencies in the sound spectrum.Frequency Response
- 44________ Response Means that given a large frequency range, a microphone can respond fairly equally throughout.Flat Response
- 45____-____ Roll-Off switch can make the microphone less sensitive to low frequencies.Low-End
- 46We identify mics by their _____ also. Which distinguishes the area and range within which the microphone will respond optimally.Directionality
- 47Directionality is a mic's basic Angle of _______, which is the area from which a mic will gather sound.Angle of Acceptance
- 48__________ is a wide angle of acceptancenondirectional
- 49_________ is limited to a medium angle of acceptanceDirectional
- 50_________ is very narrow angle of acceptanceUltra-directional
- 51____________ Microphones picks up audio from all directions equally.Omnidirectional
- 52_________ Microphones usually has an omnidirectional pattern but also has a highly specialized function. Usually tiny, clip on mikes; the type that are usually used for interviewsLavaliere
(a.k.a. lav) - 53_________ Microphone pick up sound in heart shape; most common mic; offers control and high quality; doesn't get much sound from the back; but are very sensitive indoorsCardioid Microphone
- 54__________ and _______ mikes are duplicate of it's cardioid but are usually used when close miking isn't possible; they are highly directional, but are really sensitive when using it indoorsHypercardioids and Shotgun Mikes
- 55___________ Microphones (a.k.a. radio mikes) consist of a small pocket size transmitter to which a microphone (often a lav) is attached, which transmits the electrical audio signal via VHF high-band or FM frequencies to a receiver; the receiver itself is connected to the input of the record deckWireless Microphones
- 56___-_______ Microphones are mounted on the lensOn-board Microphone