ENV118L - Experiment 3 Quiz

Description

Taxonomy and Nomenclature
haley theel
Flashcards by haley theel, updated more than 1 year ago
haley theel
Created by haley theel over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
objective of experiment 3: taxonomy and nomenclature - to allow students to understand how species are named and classified - use species identification as a measure of biodiversity
taxonomy the science of naming and classifying living organisms into groups, or taxa (singular=taxon), bases on similarities or differences.
thorax part of the body between the neck and the abdomen
isopod crustacean of the order isopoda, such as a wood louse
arachnid arthropod of the class arachnida, such as a spider or scorpion
taxon a taxonomic group, such as family, genus or species
3 approaches to classifying organisms classical, phenetics, cladistic
the classical approach - focuses on the relative importance of characteristics (eg. wing structure being most important factor in classifying 3 different organisms)
the phenetics approach - uses quantitative methods, and only considers the observable characteristics of modern (ie. living) organisms - a set of characteristics are analyzed and assigned a numerical value that is then used to determine the extent of similarity between organisms
the cladistic approach - classifies organisms using natural evolutionary relationships (i.e., phylogenetic relationships) - the taxonomist uses the fossil record, molecular genetics and other techniques to create what is called a cladogram or phylogenetic tree
7 steps of classification kingdom phylum class order family genus species
human classification kingdom: animalia phylum: chordata class: mammalia order: primates family: hominidae genus: homo species: sapiens
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