Flashcards
Bacteria classification and structure vocabulary
Cards in this deck (45)
- 1EukaryoteA cell with nuclei. Plants and animals are examples of this.
- 2ProkaryoteA cell without nuclei. Bacteria and Archaea are examples of this.
- 3PeptidoglycanA chemical contained in bacteria but not in archaea.
- 4Binary fissionA process in which prokaryotes divide to reproduce.
- 5TransformationA process in which bacteria take up DNA from the environment and incorporate it into their own DNA. In some cases, this DNA comes from dead bacteria.
- 6TransductionA process in which viruses that infect bacteria carry genes from one bacterial cell and inject them into another bacterial cell.
- 7ConjugationA process in which two bacteria cells temporarily join and exchange genetic material. The DNA that gets exchanged is from a plasmid.
- 8PlasmidA separate ring of DNA that are not part of the cell's chromosomes.
- 9EndosporeA dormant stage that a bacteria enters during a period of limited resources.
- 10AntibioticA drug that kills bacteria.
- 11Nitrogen fixationThe process in which nitrogen is taken into cells from the atmosphere.
- 12ProteobacteriaPurple bacteria that use a version of photosynthesis to obtain energy.
- 13Green bacteriaBacteria that are found in salt water environments and hot springs. They also use a version of photosynthesis to obtain energy.
- 14CyanobacteriaBacteria that use same photosynthesis as plants to obtain energy.
- 15Gram-positive bacteriaBacteria that have simple cell walls with much peptidoglycan.
- 16Gram-negative bacteriaPink cells that have cell walls with no peptidoglycan.
- 17ChlamydiaA parasite that lives in other cells.
- 18CoccusRound bacteria.
- 19CocciThe plural of coccus.
- 20BacillusRod shaped bacteria.
- 21BacilliThe plural of bacillus.
- 22SpirochetesBacteria that use spiral shaped flagellum to move in corkscrew motion.
- 23DiploPrefix denoting bacteria that come in pairs.
- 24StaphyloPrefix denoting bacteria that come in clusters.
- 25StreptoPrefix denoting bacteria that come in strains.
- 26FlagellumA tail that some bacteria possess that helps them move around.
- 27PillusOne of the hairs that bacteria use to attach themselves to other cells.
- 28PilliThe plural of pillus.
- 29HeterotrophAn organism that takes in organic materials for energy by eating other organisms.
- 30ChemoheterotrophAn organism that consumes energy released through chemical reactions involving ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. They live in dark and chemically harsh environments.
- 31PhotoheterotrophAn organism that obtain energy by consuming other organisms or by using light for energy. They live in environments with lots of light.
- 32PhotoautotrophAn organism that uses sunlight to turn carbon dioxide into sugar. They live in environments with lots of light.
- 33Obligate aerobeOrganism that requires oxygen to live.
- 34Facultative aerobeOrganism that can live with or without oxygen.
- 35Obligate anaerobeAn organism that cannot survive in presence of oxygen.
- 36MesophileAn organism that likes moderate living conditions between 15-40 C.
- 37ThermophileA heat loving organism that lives in hot springs and deep sea vents.
- 38HalophileA salt loving organism.
- 39MethanogenAn organism that can only live in environments with little to no oxygen. They produce methane and they are typically archaea.
- 40LithotrophAn organism that utilizes inorganic compounds like iron, nitrogen, and sulfur.
- 41OrganotropphAn organism that utilizes organic compounds.
- 42MicrometerA millionth of a meter
- 43ÎźThe symbol for a micrometer.
- 44PsychrophilesCold-loving organisms found mostly in the Antartic and Arctic oceans
- 45—
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Ilelemwanta Nomaren on 30/05/2022.
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- Ilelemwanta Nomaren
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