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Description
Flashcards by charlotte.dredge, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by charlotte.dredge
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Rock definition | Rock is a mixture of minerals, which is any solid element or compound that can be found in the earths crust |
| How is Igneous rock formed? Examples? | Molten rock cools and forms crystals. • Intrusive - inside crust, cools slowly, large crystals. • Extrusive - outside crust, cools quickly, small crystals Granite |
| How is Sedimentary rock formed? Examples? | Build up of Sediment = lots of compaction, forcing out water, leaves minerals (acts as cement) Chalk, Limestone |
| How is Metamorphic Rock formed? Examples? | Rock buried by earth crust movement. Buried deeper = more heat + pressure. Causes rock to change without melting. Rock minerals line up to form bands of crystals. If this happened to Chalk or Limestone, Marble would form |
| Calcium Carbonate Where can it be found, and what are its industrial uses? | Can be found in rocks in Earths crust such as Chalk, Limestone and Marble Industrial uses such as extracting Iron from its Ore, making glass, cement and concrete, and neutralising farmers soil |
| How can Limestone be used to neutralise soil? How can Lime be obtained? | Spread powdered limestone or Lime onto acidic soil. Lime is another name for Calcium Oxide, CaO, and it can be obtained from the thermal decomposition of CaCO₃ |
| What are the Pros and Cons of Quarrying Limestone? | PROS Utilises new resources Provides jobs CONS Destroys natural landscape and habitats Increase in pollution through motorised transport |
| What is thermal decomposition? | Breaking down a large molecule to form smaller molecules using heat |
| Describe the thermal decomposition of CaCO₃? | CaCO₃ (s) --- CaO (s) + CO₂ (g) |
| How is Limewater produced from CaO? | CaO (s) + H₂O (g) --- Ca(OH)₂ (s) Ca(OH)₂ (s) + H₂O (g) --- Ca(OH)₂ (aq) |
| How to tell if a Carbonate decomposes quickly? | Heat the metal carbonate and bubble the gases produced through Limewater. The more bubbles of CO₂, the easier it decomposes. The Limewater will turn cloudy as the Carbonate is precipitated. |
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