4052004
| Question | Answer |
| Low G+C | Cocci Bacilli |
| Low G+C Cocci | Staphulococcus Streptococcus Enterococcus |
| Low G+C Bacilli | Bacillus Clostiridium Listeria Mycoplasma |
| Bacillus Structure | -Single or pairs -facultative anaerobe |
| Bacillus Pathogenicity | Forms endospores capsule of polyglutamic acid *Anthrax toxin |
| Anthrax Toxin has 3 polypeptides: | - Edema factor -protective antigen -Lethal Factor |
| Bacillus Epidemiology | -Disease of Herbivores - can be contracted by Humans -Category A bioterror agent * |
| 3 Ways humans can contract bacillus | 1- Inhalation 2- Inoculation 3-Ingestion |
| Bacillus Main Bacterium | Bacillus anthracis |
| Bacillus anthracis Diseases | - casuse anthrax (charcoal) - zoonotic disease - 3 clinical manifestations |
| Bacillus anthracis 3 Clinical manifestations | 1. GI anthrax rare, hemorhagging +death 2. Cutaneous anthrax * **Eschar - painless, black, crusty, toxins 3. Inhalation anthrax terrorsim, high mortality, rare |
| Bacillus anthracis D-T-P | D- Large, nonmotile T -penicillin -erthyromycin -ciproflaxicin P - control in animals - effective vaccine |
| Listeria Description | Non-epore forming Ubiquitous Enters through Food and drink Motile at low temps |
| Listeria Pathogenicity | **Wide range of temperatures Listeriosis Motility Cell to Cell Spread |
| Listeria monocytogenes Motility | *Highly Motile Flagella Low temp (20-25 C) |
| Tumbling Motility | Polymerizes Actin molecules -makes long stiff filaments -propels bacteria in cytoplasm -uses actin of host cell |
| Listeria monocytogenes Invasion and Cell-Cell Spread | 1. Binds to surface and triggers endocytosis 2. Adherance mediated by Internalins 3. Once inside, synthsises poreforming cytotoxin =Listeriolysin O (LLO) |
| *Internalins | Membrane proteins that that mediate adherence and invasion of Listeria |
| Enzymes produced by Listeria inside cell | 1. Listeriolysin O (LLO) - pore-forming cytotoxin 2. Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase (PI PLC) 3.Phospholipase C (PI PLC) |
| Listeria monocytogenes Epidemiology | -rarely pathogenic in adults -can cross *PLACENTA barrier + blood brain barrier -fetuses, neonates, immunocompromised |
| Listeria monocytogenes Disease | Listeriosis Miscarriage Still births Severely infected newborns - IC can develop meningitis |
| Listeria monocytogenes D - T - P | D - Tumbling motility - Cerebrospinal fluid T - penicillin -erythromycin P - Difficult because Ubiquitous -avoid certain foods |
| Listeria monocytogenes **Clinical Case** Canada | Coleslaw -> Cabbage -> Sheep manure -> Sheep -> Listeria |
| Mycoplasma Description | Smallest free living microbes PLEIOMORPHIC Lack cell walls Have Sterols in Cytoplasmic Membrane *Stain pink in gram stain BUT G+ Growth Factors required |
| Mycoplasma Pnuemoniae Pathogenicity | Attaches to: -Respiratory Tract (Psread by nasal secreations) -Urinary Tract |
| Mycoplasma Pnuemoniae Diseases | Primary atypical Pneumoniae -walking pneumoniae -not requiring hospital |
| Mycoplasma Pnuemoniae D-T-P | D - Difficult since SMALL T - erythromycine or tetracyline (*Cannot be cell wall targetting antibiotics) P - Difficult, often no signs or symptoms |
| Mycoplasma hominis | WOMEN Disease: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Treatment: Clindamycin |
| Mycoplasma genitalium + Ureaplasma urealyticum | Disease: Urethra Inflammation Treatment: erythromycin or tetracyline |
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