Flashcards
KEY WORDS
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1ATOMIC NUMBERThe number of protons in
the nucleus of an atom. - 2MASS NUMBERThe number of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus
of an atom. - 3RELATIVE ISOTOPIC MASSThe mass of an atom of an
isotope compared with 1/12
of the mass of an atom
of C-12. - 4RELATIVE ATOMIC MASSThe weighted mean mass of an
atom of an element compared with
1/12 of the mass of an atom
of C-12. - 5ISOTOPESAtoms of the same element
with a different number
of neutrons. - 6MOLEThe amount of substance
containing as many particles
as there are carbon atoms in
exactly 12g of C-12. - 7AVAGADRO'S CONSTANTThe number of particles per mole
of a substance. - 8MOLAR MASSThe mass, in g, per mole
of a substance. - 9EMPIRICAL FORMULAThe simplest whole number
ratio of atoms of each
element present in a compound. - 10MOLECULAR FORMULAThe actual number of atoms
of each element in a molecule. - 11WATER OF CRYSTALLISATIONThe water present in a compound
giving the compound a crystalline
appearance. - 12ACIDReleases H+ ions in a solution
(proton donor). - 13BASEA proton acceptor.
- 14ALKALIA soluble base that releases
OH- ions when in a
solution. - 15SALTA compound produced when a
H+ ion from an acid is replaced
by a metal or another positive
ion, such as the ammonium ion. - 16ANHYDROUSWhen all the waters of
crystallisation have been removed
from a compound. - 17HYDRATEDWhen water of crystallisation
is present in a crystal
compound. - 18OXIDATION NUMBERA measure of the number of
electrons that an atom uses to
bond with atoms of a different
element. - 19OXIDATIONThe loss of electrons
(an increase in oxidation number
-state). - 20OXIDISING AGENTA reagent which oxidises
another species (gets reduced itself). - 21REDUCTIONThe gain of electrons
(a decrease in oxidation number
-state). - 22REDUCING AGENTA reagent which reduces another
species (gets oxidised itself). - 23REDOXA reaction where both
oxidation and reduction
take place. - 24DISPLACEMENT REACTIONA reaction in which a more
reactive element displaces a less
reactive element from an aqueous
solution of its halide ions. - 25DISPROPORTIONATIONA reaction in which an
element is simultaneously
oxidised and reduced. - 26ATOMIC ORBITALA region within an atom that
can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins. - 27s/p/d BLOCK ELEMENTHighest energy sub-shell is a
s/p/d sub-shell. - 28IONIC BONDSThe electrostatic attraction between
oppositely charged ions. - 29COVALENT BONDSThe sharing of a pair of
electrons between two atoms. - 30DATIVE (CO-ORDINATED) BONDThe sharing of a pair of electrons
between two atoms where
only one of the atoms supplies
both the electrons shared. - 31ELECTRONEGATIVITYThe ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons towards
itself in a covalent bond. - 32METALLIC BONDINGThe attraction of positive metal ions
to delocalised electrons. - 33PERIODICITYThe repeating pattern of
trends across different periods. - 34HYDROGEN BONDA dipole-dipole attraction between
a slightly positive hydrogen on one molecule and a lone pair or electrons on a highly electronegative atom (N,O,F) of another molecule. - 35FIRST IONISATION ENERGYThe energy required to remove
one electron from each atom in one
mole of gaseous atoms to form one more of gaseous 1+ ions. Units are KJ mole-1. - 36SUCCESSIVE IONISATION ENERGYA measure of the energy required
to remove each electron in turn.