4107802
| Question | Answer |
| Give the 4 main functions of the muscular system | Movement Stabilization Storing and moving substances within the body Generating heat |
| Name the 3 muscle types and indicated whether they are striated or non-striated | Skeletal = Striated Cardiac = Striated Smooth = Non-Striated |
| What does autorhythmic mean? | Contraction without nervous stimulation (cardiac muscle, some smooth muscle) |
| What is the special name for the plasma membrane of a muscle cell? | Sarcolemma |
| Fill in the gap in this breakdown of muscle structure Muscle, Muscle fibres, ..........., Filaments Myofibril | Myofibril |
| What is the job of sarcoplasmic reticulum? | Stores and releases calcium – important for muscle contraction |
| What are the names of the 2 myofilaments that perform contraction in the muscles? | Actin Myosin |
| Where would you find the Epimysium? | Wrapped around an entire muscle |
| Which neurotransmitter do you find at the neuromuscular junction? | Acetyl choline |
| Give 3 reasons why muscle need a good blood supply? | Oxygen Nutrients Remove waste |
| Which produces more ATP, aerobic or anaerobic respiration? | (1 mark) Aerobic |
| What is the name of the oxygen binding protein found in muscles? | Myoglobin |
| Which type of muscle fibres fatigue quickly but are the most powerful? | Fast glycolytic fibres |
| What is the key difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle? | Cardiac muscle has intercalated discs – Allow muscle contraction to travel from fibre to fibre |
| Name 3 places you might find smooth muscle? | Wall of arteries / Airways / Iris Cillary body that focuses lens of the eye Arrector pili muscles in hair follicles Stomach Blood vessels Bladder |
| What is the name of the process by which skeletal muscle grow? | Hypertrophy = enlargement of existing fibres |
| What do we call the place where the muscles tendon attaches to the stationary bone? | Origin |
| What is the name of the place where the tendon attaches to the moving bone? | Insertion |
| What is a fascicle? | A bundle of parallel muscle fibres |
| Name an antagonistic pair of muscles? | Biceps and triceps |
| What is a fixator muscle? | A muscle that helps keep an origin bone still while a prime mover contracts |
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