Flashcards
Paradigms
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1OntologyThe study of the nature of existence or reality
- 2EpistemologyThe theory of knowledge – what does it mean to know and how do we know what we know?
- 3Epistemology and ontology togetherimpact upon our theoretical perspective and research plan (methodology)
- 4Inductive reasoning. What does it work towards? What is it associated with? Quantitative or Qualitative?Inductive Reasoning:
No prediction or hypothesis required. Works from evidence towards theory. Often associated with exploratory / descriptive /qualitative studies. - 5Deductive Reasoning What does it work from and what does it test for? Quantitative or Qualitative?Deductive reasoning
Works from theory and tests for evidence developing specific predictions from general principles.
Often associated with quantitative studies. - 6Positivism / objectivism / realismPOSTIVISM / OBJECTIVISM / REALISM
stable and exist outside of the social environment. objective truth that exists externally to the research process. OBJECTIVE stance,
tests theories/hypotheses,
ESTABLISH CAUSE AND EFFECT
QUANTITATIVE - 7INTERPRETIVE / CONSTRUCTIONIST / NATURALISTIC APPROACH / RELATIVISMINTERPRETIVE / CONSTRUCTIONIST / NATURALISTIC APPROACH / RELATIVISM
social phenomena are SUBJECTIVE AND CHANGE. Acknowledges subjectivity, explores EXPERIENCE and MEANING
GENERATE THEORY
(associated with a QUALITATIVE approach). - 8CRITICAL REALISM / PRAGMATISM– (mixed methods approach).Critical realism / pragmatism – recognises that social structures influence actions but are not directly observable, interpretation is needed also, supports practicalities and literal truth (mixed methods approach).
- 9So what does it all mean?what the researcher believes about the NATURE of EXISTENCE or REALITY (ONTOLOGY) and their VIEW OF KNOWLEDGE and how we KNOW WHAT WE KNOW (EPITEMOLOGY) in relation to a particular topic will determine the way in which the research is approached and carried out at a practical level.
- 10A researcher taking an objectivist/ positivist view, (quantitative approach) may want to establish facts using a “scientific approach” and try to make links between cause and effect. They may use an experiment to ‘test’ an existing theory (deductive reasoning).A researcher taking a constructionist/ interpretive (qualitative) stance may take the view that there is no “one true reality” and that experience of an event / situation is dependent upon time/ place / person.
They may conduct interviews to explore subjective experience and generate theory (inductive reasoning).
Information
- Description
- week 2 Evidence based practice and research
- Created by
- Edward Randall · Jan 2016
- Updated
- Mar 10, 2016
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