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| Question | Answer |
| You are caring for a client who is the primary caregiver for her 82-year old father, who has Alzheimer's disease. You can tell that your client is exhausted and under great strain as a result of her role as a caregiver. Which of the following would be the idea approach when planning an intervention to address this client's problem? Offer to come and sit with the client's father on occasion to give her a break. Ask the client's provider to prescribe an anti-anxiety medication for the client. Suggest that the client hire a home health nurse to help care for her father. Recommend that she recruit help from other family members in caring for her father. | Recommend that she recruit help from other family members in caring for her father. The ideal approach to planning interventions is to draw on patient and family strengths to help achieve the desired outcomes, in this case recruiting help from other family members in caring for the father. |
| A 50-year old man you are treating for minor injuries related to an automobile accident seems somber and thoughtful. When you ask him how he's doing, he says the accident has made him realize how fragile life is and how little of it he has left before him. Which of the following disruptions to his health is this client primarily experiencing? Competing demands Impending death The unknown Imbalance | Impending death Lifton and Olson (1974) state that during middle age, even without the presence of life-threatening illness, people tend to become more aware of the compelling reality of death: "One's life is suddenly felt to be limited. . . . It also becomes apparent that . . . there will not be time for all one's projects" (p. 63). |
| You notice a client seems much calmer and happier than usual. When you ask him about the change, he says, "I bought this little cabin out by the lake and I go there every weekend now. It's a huge stress reliever for me." Which of the following factors is helping to contribute to this client's health? Meaningful work Culture Environment Religion and spirituality | Environment The environment can nourish wellness. Spending time in a place where the client feels harmony and peace and draws strength can promote the client's health. |
| Your patient has just arrived, and you ask him, "What is the biggest concern you are dealing with today?" You are in which phase of the nursing process? Assessment Analysis/Nursing diagnosis Planning outcomes/evaluation Planning interventions/implementation | Assessment One way to approach assessment, whether in outpatient care, acute care, long-term care, or home settings, is to ask the patient, "What is the biggest concern you are dealing with today?" |
| You are counseling a client about ways to reduce his total cholesterol level, which is elevated. He responds by saying "There's no use fighting it. I'm just not a healthy person." When you ask him what he means, explains, "It's in my genes. Everybody in my family has high cholesterol and heart problems." This client is defining health primarily by which of the following factors? Biological Nutrition Lifestyle choices Culture | Biologicial Biological factors include genetic makeup, gender, and age and developmental state. |
| Which of the following is the World Health Organization's definition of health? Prevention of disease through the use of fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light. The trinity of body, mind, and spiritual awareness. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. A high level of overall physical, mental, and social functioning. | A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. |
| Which is an example of an acute illness? Appendicitis Diabetes mellitus Hypertension Rheumatoid arthritis | Appendicitis An acute illness occurs suddenly and lasts for a limited amount of time. Although hospitalization and surgery may be required and may be traumatic, the person is expected to recover, as in appendicitis. |
| You are working with two clients, both of whom are receiving treatment for breast cancer. The first client, Colleen, has had breast cancer twice before and has been undergoing treatment--including surgery, radiation therapy, and now chemotherapy--for nearly 6 months. Despite all of this, Colleen remains cheerful and determined. She says, "I've beat this before and I'll beat it again." The second client, Muriel, was diagnosed a few weeks ago, has undergone surgery, and is now receiving adjuvant radiation therapy. Next she will have chemotherapy. Unlike Colleen, Muriel is devastated by her diagnosis and full of despair. Which of the following would best explain the difference between these two women's reactions to their disease? Intensity of illness. Duration of disruption Hardiness of client Multiplicity of disease | Hardiness of client Hardiness—having a strong, positive force or will to live—seems to be the difference between these two clients. Colleen has a stronger will to live than does Muriel. |
| Which of the following views of health would be most appropriate for you as a nurse to have when working with clients? Health is not having an illness. Health is a state of ideal physical and mental well-being. Health is the ability of the soul to cope. Health in an individual experience emerging from each patient's unique response. | Health is an individual experience emerging from each patient's unique response. Nurses understand health and illness as individual experiences, emerging from each patient's unique responses. The person with an illness rarely perceives the experience as a medical diagnosis. Instead, people describe their illness in terms of how it makes them feel. |
| You are preparing for first contact with a patient recently admitted to the hospital. Which of the following should you do to help establish trust during this encounter? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Make sure the patient's bed is made properly ahead of time. Review the patient's name, diagnosis, and anticipated length of stay before he or she arrives. Speak confidently and keep the fact that you are nursing student concealed. Show the client how to use the bed and call light. Avoid spending too much time talking with the client. Ask about the client's expectation and concerns when taking the health history. | Make sure the patient's bed is made properly ahead of time. Review the patient's name, diagnosis, and anticipated length of stay before he or she arrives. Show the client how to use the bed and call light. Ask about the client's expectation and concerns when taking the health history. Page 325 W & T Feedback 1: Preparing the room, such as making sure the bed is made properly, is a way to help establish trust with the patient. Feedback 2: Gathering basic information ahead of time, such as name, diagnosis, and anticipated length of stay, allows you to greet the patient more effectively. Feedback 3: When introducing yourself, don't be afraid to tell a client that you are a nursing student. Many clients are aware that students have more time to spend with them, and you are more likely to establish an atmosphere of trust by being forthcoming regarding your level of experience. Feedback 4: Orient the patient to the room by making sure the patient knows how to use the bed, the call light, and any equipment as needed. Feedback 5: Establish a relationship with the client by taking tim |
| Below are the five stages of illness behavior. Put them in order: Seeking professional care Sick role behavior Recovery Experiencing symptoms Dependence on others | Experiencing symptoms Sick role behavior Seeking professional care Dependence on others Recovery |
| You stop by your friend's apartment one morning and find that she is still in bed. You ask whether she is going to work today, and she says, "No--I think I'm coming down with something." Which stage of illness behavior is your friend exhibiting? Experiencing symptoms Sick role behavior Seeking professional care Dependence on others | Sick role behavior When you have identified yourself as ill, you assume the sick role. The sick role relieves you of normal duties, such as work, school, or tasks at home. |
| A client you are interviewing says that she is "healthy as a horse." When you look at her health history, though, you see that she has diabetes and hypertension and that she has had breast cancer twice. When you ask her what health means to her, she says, "having a lot of energy to do whatever I want to do." Which of the following conceptual models of health and illness would best express this client's view? Moltmann's definition Health-Illness continuum Dunn's health grid Neuman's continuum | Neumann's Continuum |
| You work with an 83-year-old client, Hilary, who always has a lot to say. Although this behavior annoyed you at first, you have since learned that if you just sit with Hilary for 5 minutes at the end of her visit and listen to her attentively, making good eye contact and not interrupting, she leaves with a much calmer demeanor. Which aspect of high-level communicating are you using? Settling in Attuning Acceptance Enjoying | Attuning |
| You are caring for a military veteran who is now a quadriplegic as a result of sustaining a spinal chord injury while serving overseas. You notice that he tenses up when you begin to give him a sponge bath. He says that being bathed makes him feel like a helpless child. Which of the following is the primary disruption of health this client is describing? Loss of sense of self Injury Mental illness Pain | Loss of sense of self. Being naked and feeling like a child in the hospital setting are indignities that threaten a person's sense of self. |
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