4452115
Description
Flashcards by Chrisitna Spangler, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chrisitna Spangler
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Polar Flagella | A single flagellum at on end of a bacteria |
| Amphitrichous Flagella | Flagellum at each end |
| Lophotrichous Flagella | Several flagella emerge from one end |
| Pertrichous Flagella | Flagella emerge from the entire cell |
| 3 Steps to do a Smear prep. for staining | 1. specimen is added to slide using water and then spread to a thin smear 2. Heat fix; kills microbes and adheres them to the slide 3. Stain: use dye to add contrast |
| How and with what tool do you inoculate a liquid (broth)? | dip & swirl / using a loop |
| With what tool do you inoculate Agar plates? | using a loop |
| How and with what tool do you inoculate solid/deeps? | with a needle doing a stab |
| How and with what tool do you inoculate a solid / slant? | with loop doing a fishtail |
| What temperature is 25°C relevant to? | Room temp. |
| What temperature is 37°C relevant to? | Human body temp. |
| Mixed Cultures | contain 2 or more species of microbes in a single culture |
| Pure Cultures | contain only a single species of microbe |
| Streak Plates | Are often used to isolate microbes from mixed culture. Results in distinct colonies that arise from a single cell or colony-forming unit. (CFU) |
| Steam Sterilization | High pressure steam used to remove all microbial life (including spores) from objects |
| Autoclaves | Object that instruments or other items are put into in order to sterilize them. 121°C at 15 psi for 30 min. |
| What does TSA stand for ? | trypticase soy agar |
| What is Serratia marcescens? | A rod shaped Gram-neg bacteria that causes respiratory, UT infections, catheter related and wound infections among others. |
| What is Staphylococcus epidermidis? | Gram positive and found in normal human flora, typically the skin, not usually pathogenic but can become so in hospital settings in immunocompromised patients |
| Culture | A medium that contains living microbes |
| Aseptic technique | A method of procedure that is performed in order to ensure that you, others or the environment are not contaminated. |
| What are Broths and why are they used? | Broths are liquid media used to grow microbes when fresh cultures or large number of cells are required. |
| What are Agar slants and why are they used? | Agar slants are used to grow stock cultures that can be refrigerated after incubation and maintained for several weeks. |
| What is differential media? | Media that contains chemical indicators along with additional nutrients that may or may not be utilized by some species of microbes (metabolism of nutrient causes indicators to change color) |
| What is Selective media? | Media that contain one or more inhibitory agents designed to prevent the growth of some microbes while favoring the growth of others. |
| What is General media? | Permit the growth of all organisms regardless of type or nutritional peculiarities. |
| Escherichia coli | Causes 80% of UTI's Use adhesins to attach to urinary epithelial Mobile and can travel along mucosal surfaces rod shaped, pathogenic, Gram-neg |
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus | Causes UTI especially in younger women trasmitted from GI tract to urinary system and through sex, men can also get it through intercourse |
| What is the first symptom of a UTI caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus? | Often begins with Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra, burning sensation |
| If Urethritis from a UTI is not treated what can it lead to? | Cystitis (infection of the urinary bladder) |
| --Pain in pelvic area (women) frequent urges to urinate --Cloudy urine or blood in urine --Pian in rectal region (men) are symptoms of... | Cystitis |
| What is turbidity? | A haze in fluid not clear or transparent because of stirred-up sediment or the like |
| Pyelonephritis | A serious complication that is the result of untreated cystitis can lead to permanent kidney damage |
| What are the symptoms of Pyelonephritis? | symptoms can mirror cystitis accompanied by back pain and high fever |
| What are 3 symptoms of Cystitis? | 1. Pain in pelvic area women / rectal in men 2. Cloudy urine 3. Frequent urges to urinate |
| --Being female, sexually active, using diaphrams, completing menopause, using a catheter for urination and being immunocompromised are all risk factors for what? | Urinary tract infection |
| What does the word ubiquitous mean? | an organism likely can be isolated from soil, water, plants and animals to include (human) |
| Organisms that are not known to cause disease | nonpathogenic |
| opportunistic pathogen | pathogens capable of causing a disease state if introduced into a suitable part of the body. |
| vibrios | a bacterial cell with a slightly curved morphology |
| pleomorphism | When a variety of bacterial cell shapes can be seen in a given sample slender, elipsoidal or ovoid rods |
| PEA | Indicator: Hemolytic activity beta hemolysis= complete degredation (+path) alfa hemolysis = incomplete degredation (protein metabolized/ heme is not) gamma hemolysis = NO degredation (0-path) |
| Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar PEA Selective agent: Pheylethyl Alcohol --Favors Gram + bacteria | |
| Hemolytic Activity | |
| Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar Selective agent: Pheynylethyl alcohol Favors Gram + bacteria | |
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