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Description
Flashcards by emma_moran, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by emma_moran
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the relative mass and charge of a proton? | Relative mass: 1 Relative charge: +1 |
| What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron? | Relative mass: 1 Relative charge: 0 |
| What is the relative mass and charge of an electron? | Relative mass: 1/1836 Relative charge: -1 |
| Isotope | Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number (or the same number of protons but different number of neutrons) |
| What are the common isotopes of sodium? | |
| What are the common isotopes of carbon? | |
| How are isotopes detected? | Mass Spectrometry |
| What is measured is mass spectrometry? | Measure the molecular weight of atoms or compounds by observing their mass to charge ratio |
| Half Life | The time required for half of the isotope to decay to a stable state or the time taken for the activity of a given amount of radioactive substance to decay to half its initial value |
| What is an alpha particle? | Helium nuclei (2 protons and 2 neutrons) |
| What is a beta particle? | Electron |
| What is a gamma ray? | Gamma photon (high frequency EM radiation) |
| Alpha Decay Equation |
Image:
Alpha_Equ.PNG (image/PNG)
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| Beta Plus Decay Equation |
Image:
beta_plus.JPG (image/JPG)
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| Beta Minus Decay | |
| Gamma Decay Equation | |
| Penetrating power of alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays | Alpha particles are absorbed by paper, beta particles are absorbed by aluminium and gamma rays are absorbed by lead |
| Industrial uses of unstable isotopes | Energy generation, sterilisation of food and medical supplies (Co-60), Smoke detectors (Am-241), Imaging and gauging |
| Medical uses of unstable isotopes | Provide diagnostic information, Treat some medical conditions by weakening or destroying targeted cells (cancer and overactive thyroid) |
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