Flashcards
Final review Hip join
Cards in this deck (29)
- 1Hip joint (Anatomy, kinematic, orthopedic pathologies, DS, TS)Ball and socket joint
- 2Acetabulum-concave boney structure comprised of: ilium, Ischium, and pubis
-it is deepened by a ring of fibrocartilage and face anteriorly, laterally, and inferiorly - 3Femoral head-inserts in the acetabulum
-orientation: anteriorly, medially, superiorly
-femoral neck - 4Motion of femur relation to slide of femoral headFlexion : Posteriorly
Extension: anteriorly
Abduction: Inferiorly
Adduction: Superiorly
Internal Rotation: Posteriorly
External Rotation: Anteriorly - 5TorsionAnteversion increases genu valgum
-Retroversion increase genu valgus - 6Functional relationship between: hips, pelvis, and spine-Anterior Pelvic tilt: Anterior superior ilia spines of pelvis moves anteriorly and inferiorly thus closer to the anterior aspect of the femur as the pelvis rotates forward. Thus cause hyper extension in the lumbar spine. (hip flexors and back extensors working together)
-Posterior Pelvic tilt: vice versa from APT - 7Continued-Lumbar pelvic rhythm: once you start bending towards your toes, your muscles contract and pelvis shifts posteriorly for bas of support. Trunk continues to flex until 45 degrees then all ligaments and passive stability takes over, then pelvis start to rotate forward. Vice versa is reverse muscle action (initiated by hip extensors
- 8Continueds
- 9Motion and postures of the lower extremity affect the pelvis and spine-Active flexion= APT and increased lumbar extension unless pelvis is stabilized by the abdominals. Vice versa
- 10Continued (pathology segment)-Tight hip muscles or joints will cause weight bearing forces and movement to be transmitted to the spine rather than being absorbed by the pelvis.
-Tight hips extensors causes increased lumbar flexion when the thigh is flexed. Vice versa
-Tight adductors causes lateral pelvic tilt causes lateral pelvic tilt opposite and side bending of trunk towards side of tightens when weight bearing. vice versa - 11Continued (from above)-Unilateral short leg causes lateral pelvic tilting (drop on the short side) and side bending of the trunk away from the short side.
-May lead to scoliosis - 12The hip and gait-hip flexors: initiates the swing phase (if problematic contractors can shorten stride)
-hip extensors: Controls the flexor moment at initial for contact, then the gluteus maximus initiatives hip extension
-hip abductors: the gluteus medium controls the lateral pelvic tilt during swinging of the opposite leg - 131) psoas major1) origin: verbal body from L1-L5
Insertion: Trochanter minor
Action Hip joint: flexion and external rotation - 14Gluteus MaximusOrigin: lateral part of the dorsal surface of the Os sacrum
Insertion: upper fiber: tractus iliotibialis
lower fibers: tuberositas gluteus
-Action: upper fibres: abduction, Lower fibers: adduction - 15Gluteus MediusOrigin: facies glutea of the Os ilium
-Instertion Lateral surface of the trochanter major femur
-Action: abducts the hip, and stabilizes the pelvis, Anterior part: flexion and Internal rotation, Posterior part: extension - 16Gluteus Minimus-Origin: facies gluten of the os ilium
-Insertion: Anterolateral surface of trochanter major
-Action: abducts hip, and stabilizes, upper fibers: flexion internal rotation, posterior part: extension external rotation - 17Tensor fasciae latae-Origin: SIAS
-Insertion: Tractus iliotibialis
-Action: Tenses fascia lata, Hip joint: abduction, flexion internal rotation - 18Piriformis-Origin: Facies pelvic of the os sacrum
-Insertion: Apex of the trochanter major of the femur
-Action: External rotation, abduction, extension of hip joint - 19Adductor longus-Origin: Superior of Os pubis and anterior side of symphysis
- 20Orthopaedtics pathologyHip related
- 21Avascular necrosis-Avascular necrosis (also known as osteonecrosis, bone infarction, aseptic necrosis, ischemic bone necrosis and AVN) is a condition where bone tissue dies due to a lack of blood supply.
- 22Continued (DS)The age of the patient can also provide clues to the disease, because patients with osteonecrosis are generally younger than those with osteoarthritis. Locking, popping, or a painful click during mobilization of the affected joint can point to the presence of loose osteochondral fragments[1]. In further stages of the disease, loss of mobilization and increased pain can be detected[1]. Once osteonecrosis is detected, the physician should assess other joints that may be at risk, such as the hip, shoulder and knee[1].
- 23Continued (TS)-We can slow down the progression
-Relief of symptoms
-Prevention of disease progression
-Improvement of functionality - 24Femoroacetabular Impingement (Mechanism of Injury) Use MRI for further investigation-Abnormal morphology of the anterior femoral head neck junction
-Pistol grip deformity: femoral head neck junction in the anterior anterorsuperior portion
-Younger males
-Prominence femoral head neck junction does constant stress on cartilage
-Shear forces damages cartilage and acetabulum - 25Femoroacetabular Impingement (due to less concavity at the femoral head-neck junction) (DS)-Loss of internal rotation and flexion
-A popping and grinding sensation can be felt when femur is externally rotated when hips maximally abducted
-Positive impingement test is when forceful internal rotation and pain occurs
-Rotation/ adduction in 90 degrees of flexion reproduces pain - 26Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (inflammation on these structures or affected bursea)The greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a syndrome defined by tenderness to palpation over the greater trochanter with the patient in the side-lying position.[1] GTPS refers to a chronic regional pain caused by a number of disorders of the peritrochanteric space,[2] including structures as the trochanteric bursa, the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus tendons and the Iliotibial band.[3] Previously, trochanteric bursitis was seen as the main pain source, but latest research shows bursitis only in the minority of patients
- 27Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (DS)
- 28Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (TS)-Ice and heat
- 29Hip Bursitis1) Trochanteric bursitis
2) iliopsoas bursitis
3) Gluteal bursitis
4) Ischial bursitis
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- Flashcards on Final review Hip join, created by Emilio Lanza on 03/03/2016.
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- Emilio Lanza
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