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Flashcards

Ortho Definitions: Lower Extremity

Zoila Rojas Medical Sciences 1 English 40 cards

Cards in this deck (40)

  1. 1inversion sprainan injury that occurs when the ankle is turned inward (the toes turn from outside-in). The ligaments on the outside of the ankle usually get injured. The most common ligament to be injured is the anterior talofibular ligament (ATF)
  2. 2ambulatedwalking from place to place
  3. 3antalgic gaita gait that develops as a way to avoid pain while walking
  4. 4SCstraight cane
  5. 5anterior drawer test of ankleThe anterior drawer test is used to examine the integrity of the anterior talofibular ligament, which is frequently injured during an inversion ankle sprain.
    Have the patient seated with their knee bent and their ankle in a neutral position at 0° or 90° to the leg. Stabilize the distal tibia with one hand, while grasping the heel with the other hand. Apply an anterior force to the heel.
  6. 6grade III lateral ankle spraina complete tear of a ligament, causing instability in the affected joint. Bruising may occur around the ankle
  7. 7ATFLanterior talofibular ligament
  8. 8avulsion fracturean injury to the bone in a location where a tendon or ligament attaches to the bone. Occurs when the tendon or ligament pulls off a piece of the bone.
  9. 9lateral malleolusis the prominence on the outer side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula
  10. 10ibuprofennon steroidal anti inflammatory
  11. 11aspirateddraw fluid out/ the term can also refer to a medical procedure that removes something from an area of the body
  12. 12CAM walkerControlled Ankle Movement - an adjustable orthopedic apparatus that looks like a boot. Its primary purpose is to prevent or limit ankle and foot movement after a serious sprain, surgery or removal of a cast
  13. 13axillary crutchessupport used by an injured or disabled person, often in pairs, as an aid to walking, having a vertical shaft that is sometimes forked, a horizontal grip for the hand, and a crosspiece that is positioned under the armpit or a cuff that wraps around the forearm
  14. 14lateral ankle reconstructionthis type of technique allows for an anatomic reconstruction of the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments with simple tensioning and rigid fixation of the graft
  15. 15PWBpartial weight bearing
  16. 16osteoarthritisalso known as osteoarthrosis or degenerative joint disease (DJD), is a progressive disorder of the joints caused by gradual loss of cartilage and resulting in the development of bony spurs and cysts at the margins of the joints
  17. 17macrotraumainjuries that have enough force to actually fracture a bone on the spot
  18. 18WBQCwide base quad cane
  19. 19exacerbatedto make (a bad situation, a problem, etc.) worse
  20. 20posterolateral approach THRpatient is on side, incision is 4-6 inches long, glute max is split and piriformis and superior gemellus are detached, surgery is 60-90 minutes long
  21. 21anterior approach THRpatient is on back, incision is 4-6 inches long, incision is sometimes made between muscle bellies of TFL and sartorius, piriformis is cut, surgery is 2-3 hrs long
  22. 22tredenlenberg patternan abnormal gait associated with a weakness of the gluteus medius. It is characterized by the dropping of the pelvis on the unaffected side of the body at the moment of heelstrike on the affected side. In this deviation the pelvic drop during the walking cycle lasts until heelstrike on the unaffected side and is accompanied by an apparent lateral protrusion of the affected hip.
  23. 23plain radiographsx-ray
  24. 24AVNavascular necrosis
  25. 25THRtotal hip replacement
  26. 26THR precautionsfor posterior approach: hip flexion past 90 (bending forward, knees to chest), hip adduction past midline (crossing leg), and hip internal rotation
  27. 27LJLlateral joint line
  28. 28coxa varumdeformity whereby the angle between the head and the shaft of the femur is reduced to less than 120 degrees
  29. 29pes planusflat feet
  30. 30genu valgusa condition in which the knees angle in and touch one another when the legs are straightened
  31. 31closed chain activitymeaning extremity remains in constant contact with immobile surface
  32. 32fxfracture
  33. 33meniscal derangementtear of mensicus
  34. 34osteochondral defectrefers to a focal area of damage that involves both the cartilage and a piece of underlying bone (not arthritis)
  35. 35varus stress testassesses LCL
  36. 36valgus stress testassesses MCL
  37. 37Lachman testa clinical test used to diagnose injury of the anterior cruciate ligament
  38. 38posterior drawer testa clinical test used to diagnose injury of the posterior cruciate ligament
  39. 39ITB Friction syndromelateral knee pain as a result of the continual rubbing of the band over the lateral femoral epicondyle, combined with the repeated flexion and extension of the knee during running may cause the area to become inflamed.
  40. 40—

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Description
1 Medical Sciences (Ortho Module) Flashcards on Ortho Definitions: Lower Extremity, created by Zoila Rojas on 08/03/2016.
Created by
Zoila Rojas · Mar 2016
Updated
Oct 24, 2016
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17
Tags
orthomedical sciences
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