505235
Description
Flashcards by Charnanigan14, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charnanigan14
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Why is cell division so important? | For growth and for repair of damaged tissues. |
| Where are chromosomes found? What do they contain? Why? | Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of cells. They are important for carrying genes and DNA molecules. |
| What is a gene? What does it do? | A gene is a section of DNA that controls the characteristics of the body. Each gene codes for a specific protein and specifies which order the amino acids join together. |
| What are alleles? What do they produce? What must happen to them? | Different forms of gene. They produce different characteristics. They must be passed on to every new cell. |
| Why must the chromosome number stay the same when cells divide? | Otherwise, characteristics could change as the inherited material gets altered. So the cells can do the same job and function. |
| Chromosomes are found in... | Pairs |
| How many chromosomes in a human cell? How many pairs? | 46 chromosomes 23 pairs One from mum. One from dad. |
| Body cells divide by... | Mitosis |
| Mitosis produces cells by.. | Asexual reproduction |
| What is the first stage in Mitosis? | The cell is resting |
| Before the cell can divide, it must... Why? | Copy each chromosome in the nucleus so exactly the same genetic material is produced. |
| What forms that makes the chromosomes line up on the equator? When does this happen? | Spindles form and the chromosomes line up on the equator. This happens after DNA replication. |
| Chromosome strands move to... poles of the cell | Opposite |
| A membrane is formed around the chromosomes that creates two genetically identical cells. What is the membrane called? | A nuclear membrane |
| Before DNA replication, what does the nucleus do? | It enlarges so the chromosomes are clearly visible |
| Cells in reproductive organs divide by... | Meiosis |
| What does Meiosis produce? Give an example | Gametes (sex cells) Sperm cells and ova |
| Normal body cells have a... number of chromosomes | Diploid |
| Gametes have a... number of chromosomes | Haploid |
| Gametes contain.... set(s) of genetic information | One |
| How many daughter cells does Mitosis make? | Two |
| How many daughter cells does Meiosis make? | Four |
| Before Meiosis do the cells have the same number of chromosomes as normal body cells? | Yes Before dividing, the cells in the reproductive organs look like normal body cells with 46 chromosomes |
| True/False In Meiosis, the chromosomes are copied before the cell divides | True Every chromosome is replicated |
| How many times does the cell divide in Meiosis? | Twice Instead of in Mitosis when it is only once |
| The original cell is called... | The parent cell |
| The newly made cells are called... | Daughter cells |
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