5101189
Description
Flashcards by Ashley Hay, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashley Hay
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| limiting resourcec | a resource the population cannot live without but occurs in lower quantities than the population needs (it limits the resource) |
| overshoot | when the population becomes larger than the environment's carrying capacity |
| die-off | rapid decline in population due to death |
| population growth rate | the number of offspring an individual can produce in a given time period, minus the deaths of the individual or its offspring during the same period |
| intrinsic growth rate (r) | max potential for growth of a population under (1) ideal conditions and (2) with unlimited resources |
| exponential vs. logistic growth model | exponential: estimates pop's future size after a period of time, based on intrinsic growth rate and # of reproducing individuals in pop logistic: describes pop w/ growth that's initially exponential, but slows as it approaches carrying capacity |
| J-shaped curve vs. S-shaped curve | J: curve of exponential growth model S: shape of logistic growth model |
| r-selected species | -short life span -short time to maturity -many and small offspring -variable population ex: oysters |
| k-selected species | -long life span -"good" parents -reproduce less times -large offspring -stable population ex: apes |
| type I survivorship curve | high survival throughout most of life, but die in high numbers at old age ex: elephants (k-selected species) |
| type II survivorship curve | relatively constant decline in survivorship throughout life ex: squirrels |
| type III survivorship curve | low survivorship early in life, not many reach adulthood ex: mosquitos (r-selected species) |
| metapopulation | spatially distinct populations that are connected by occasional movements of individuals between them |
| corridor | strips of natural habitat that connect populations |
| predation | interaction where one animal typically kills and consumes another anmal |
| parasitism | interaction in which one organism lives on/in another organism parasitoid: lays eggs inside a host pathogen: causes disease in host |
| mutualism | interaction between 2 species that increases the chances of survival or reproduction for both species |
| commensalism | relationship where one species benefits an the other species is neither harmed nor helped (neutral) |
| competitive exclusion principle | principle stating that 2 species competing for the same limiting resource cannot coexist |
| immigration vs. emigration | immigrate: people move into a country/region emigrate: people move out of a country/region |
| crude birth rate (CBR) | number of births per 1000 people per year |
| crude death rate (CDR) | number of deaths per 1000 people per year |
| equations for: -global population growth rate -doubling time -national population growth rate | global pop: (CBR - CDR) / 10 doubling time: 70 / growth rate national pop: [(CBR + imm) - (CDR + em)] / 10 |
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