512004
Description
| Question | Answer |
| Psychological Triad | How people feel, think and behave |
| What is personality? | Characteristic patterns of thought, emotion and behaviour with the psychological mechanisms. |
| Goals of personality psychology | Explain the person in his/her daily environment. |
| Paradigms | Theoretical view of personality that focuses on some phenomena and ignores others. |
| Trait approach | Focuses on how people differ psychologically. |
| Biological approach | Focuses on understanding the mind in terms of the body. |
| Psychoanalytic approach | Focus on the unconscious mind and internal mental conflicts. |
| Phenomenological approach | Focuses on the conscious experience of the world. Includes humanistic and cross cultural approaches. |
| Learning and cognitive approach | Focuses on social learning and cognitive processes. |
| Social learning | Focus on learning through observation of others and self evaluation. |
| Cognitive processes | Focuses on perception, memory and thought. |
| One big theory vs. multiple theories | Could we ever have a single theory of personality? |
| S data | Self reports through surveys. Most common and high on face validity. |
| Face validity | Degree to which an assessment tool appears to measure that it is intended to measure. |
| Advantages of S data | Access to inner thoughts, definitional "truth", causal force and simple and easy. |
| Disadvantages of S data | People won't or can't tell you, too simple or easy. |
| I data | Judgements by knowledgable informants, gets context. |
| Advantages of I data | Based on observations of behaviour in the real world and common sense of what behaviours mean. |
| Disadvantages of I data | Limited information (know only in one context), more likely to remember extremes and can be biased. |
| L data | Verifiable, concrete, real life outcomes that may hold psychological significance. |
| Advantages of L data | Objective and verifiable, intrinsic and psychologically relevant. |
| Disadvantages of L data | Can be influenced by many factors. |
| B data | Information that is recorded from direct observation. Can be gather in natural and contrived contexts. |
| Natural B data | Based on real life - diary sampling methods and naturalistic observations. |
| Advantages of natural B data | Realistic |
| Disadvantages of natural B data | Costly and the context you wish to observe may rarely occur. |
| Types of laboratory B data | Experiments, personality tests and physiological measures. |
| Advantages of B data | Range of contexts and appearance of objectivity. |
| Disadvantages of B data | Behaviours may not mean what we think they do. |
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