Created by andreaarose
over 10 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Trait approach to personality | Tends to fit with everyday descriptions of people in our lives based on empirical research and individual differences |
Trait | Characteristic of a person that makes that person unique. |
Challenges to the trait approach | People are inconsistent, situation can influence behaviour. |
The person-situation debate | Are all people basically the same and different behaviour is guided by situations? |
Three main parts to the situationist argument | Predictability, situationism, common perceptions of people are flawed. |
Predictability | There is an upper limit to how well one can predict what a person will do based on measurements of personality. |
Situationism | Situations are more important than personality traits in determining behaviour. They also assume that situations explain everything that personality traits do not. |
Fundamental attribution error | Tendency to focus on internal factors rather than external factors to explain other's behaviour. |
People with high extraversion and low neuroticism | More positive and discount opportunities that are not available. |
Physical health and longevity | Extraversion, conscientiousness predict longer lives. Low agreeableness predicts poorer health. |
Psychopathology | Different sets of personality traits are linked to disorders |
High openness and low conscientiousness | Linked to substance abuse. |
High neuroticism | Linked to anxiety disorders - strongest relationship with personality disorders. |
High neuroticism and low extraversion | Linked to depression |
Low agreeableness and low extraversion | Associated with rejected peer status. |
Extraversion | Predicts popularity, status and social acceptance. |
Neuroticism and low agreeableness in romantic relationships | Predict negative relationship outcomes. |
Conscientiousness and agreeableness in romantic relationships | Predicts satisfaction. |
Extraversion and romantic relationships | Predicts satisfaction in married couples. |
Extraversion and occupation | Social and enterprising interests. |
Agreeableness and occupational choice | Social interests |
Openness and occupational choice | Investigative and artistic interests |
Conscientiousness and job performance | Predicts good performance in all |
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