Flashcards
POR Unit 8
Cards in this deck (54)
- 1How do Christians use the Bible to make moral decisions?- Believe that the Bible is the 'WORD OF GOD'
=New testament offers moral guidance and teachings on how Christians should behave.
- Authority from God about what Christians should believe and how they should live
- SOME Christians believe that only the Bible should be used to decide what is right, wrong and what they should believe - 2Christians have different opinions on the authority of the Bible...- Bible is literally the word of God and is totally right
- The Bible is the word of God but needs to be interpreted by the Church - 3How does the Church guide Christians?1. Talking to other Christians
2. Listening to the priest or vicar
3. Praying and worshipping together
4. Accepting the authority of the Church to explain and teach God's word - 4How do different Churches decide on moral issues?- some discuss in an assembly containing elected members of the Church
- Others look to leaders of the Church to make moral decisions on moral issues - 5Christians believe the Church has authority because....- God speaks to them through the Church
- The Church provides rules so everyone knows what they should do
-Church is the body of Christ
- should follow the teachings of the Church as they are the teachings of Jesus - 6What is conscience?The inner feeling or sense of what is right or wrong
- 7How do Christians use conscience to make moral decisions?The Bible + The Church + Conscience
- 8What is Situation Ethics?Christian approach to make moral decisions
- 9What 3 things should you think about when making a moral decision- Love
A good action is one which aims to do the most loving thing
- A person should only obey the rules of the Bible or teaching of the Church if it results in the most loving action - 10Why use situation ethics?Similar to the GOLDEN RULE
(do unto others what you would have them do to you)
- Jesus seemed to follow Situation Ethics - 11Reasons FOR using Situation Ethics...- Every Situation is judged individually
- As love is the main principle, it follows a genuine Christian action
- Love is an easy principle to apply and remember in all situations
- Doing the most loving thing will appeal to people as a positive idea - 12Reason AGAINST using situation ethics...- It is impossible to predict what will happen in every example, which is what this requires
- In theory, anything a person felt was the 'most loving thing' could be justified including adultery or murder - 13What are the 4 types of moral authorities1. Law and teaching of the Bible
2. Teaching and guidance of the Church
3. The conscience
4. Principles of Situation Ethics - 14Why use a variety of moral authorities?-Christians believe they must live life according to God
- Different Christians believe different sources of authority contain advice and help on what God wants - 15What are all citizens of the UK entitled to?-life
-food
-liberty/free speech
-racial/sexual/religious equality
-education
-health care
-privacy - 16Human rights are important to Christians because...1. They believe every human is created by GOd in his image and deserves respect.
2. They believe God loves everyone equally so all should be treated equally
3. Teaching of the BIble (Ten commandments) support most human right laws - 17What does the Parable of the Sheep and Goats teach you about the Bible and Human rights?that it is the moral duty of Christians to help people in need
- 18What are the three main political parties- Labour Party
Conservative Party
Liberal Democrat Party - 19Why is it important to take part in the election?- allows citizens to have a say about who runs the country
-People elected through voting are responsible for making important decisions that affect everyone
-Change can only be brought about through the democratic process - 20How else can people take part?- Write to or meet MPs to discuss issues of concern
- Lobby - which means to influence government decisions.
- Become a member of a political party which support their views
- Stand for election themselves - 21What are the 3 Christian teachings on moral duties and responsibilities?1. Golden Rule
2. The Parable of the Sheep and Goats
3. Am i my brother keeper? - 22What is Genetic engineering?- process where the structure and characteristics of genes are changed
- Genes can be added, replaced or taken away - 23Christian beliefs on Genetic Testing ...Life is sacred and therefore should be respected
Some christians may accept genetic engineering in certain circumstances
Those who support genetic engineering believe it should be done for reasons such as healing the sick or feeding the hungry - 24Christian viewpoints on genetic engineering and cloning..... (FOR)FOR
The Golden Rule - so they believe genetic engineering could be used to cure diseases and disorders is acceptable.
Some believe God gave us the gift of knowledge and we should use this and technology to help develop and possible save human life - 25Christian viewpoints on genetic engineering and cloning.... (AGAINST)AGAINST
Only God can create life and humans should not 'play God'
Life is sacred and special and created by God so humans should not be doing anything against this. - 26What is Global Warming also known as?Climate change
- 27What are some effects of Global Warming?Ice melts in polar regions
Hotter areas suffer drought and others suffering excessive rain and flooding
Increase in extreme weather
Some animals and plants may die out if they cant adapt - 28What are the 4 forms of pollution?- Waste
- Land
- Air
- Water - 29Solutions to pollution...Create less waste
Government action
Alternative energy sources
Alternative manufacturing methods - 30Christian teachings on stewardship and attitudes to the environment...Stewardship: God gave humans stewardship over the world
Authority or dominion: Humans have position, power and responsibility to care for God's creation
Responsibility - 31The effect on Christian attitudes to the environmentThe Bible teaches Christians that they should:
- Take care of the environment because it is a gift from God
- Reduce pollution to help the environment
- Care for animals and plant life because they were created by God. - 32Muslim teachings on stewardship and attitudes to the environment...- Allah put humans in charge and we should care for world
- must maintain balance and unity of earth
- treat animals with respect
- day of judgement Allah will judge on life - 33The effect on Muslim attitudes to the environment...POSITIVE = support local organisations
- recycling and reducing energy use
- planting trees
NEGATIVE = not overusing earth's resources
- sharing earths resources
- not damaging environment - 346 types of medical treatment for infertility....Artificial insemination by husband - partners sperm is medically put into mothers womb
IVF - egg taken from mother and fertilised in tube with sperm and placed back into her womb
Artificial insemination by donor - unknown donor sperm medically put in mothers womb
Egg donation - partners sperm fertilizes a donor egg and put into mothers womb
Embryo donation - sperm and egg provided by donors and put in mothers womb
Surrogacy - women will carry baby long term - 35Issues with medical treatment for infertility...- expensive
- no guarantees procedure will work
- uncomfortable side effects
- should children know their biological parents? - 36For and Against Christian attitudes to fertility treatment...AGAINST
- No one has right to have child if not God's plan
- where fertilization happens outside womb = masturbation = sin
- don't accept surrogacy - bringing in a third person - adultery
FOR
- allows infertile couples to experience having children
- depends on situation = more acceptable for married childless couples
- God gave humans knowledge to create humans artificially
'be fruitful and multiply' - 37Acceptable Muslim treatment for infertility...- infertility seen as disease so okay to try find a cure
- childbirth important family commitment
- having children brings couple closer
- role and status of Muslim woman is to have children - 38Not allowing and allowing fertility treatments in Islam...NOT ALLOWED
- SOME believe if Allah didn't want a couple to have children they should accept it
- MOST disagree with donor eggs (adultery)
- ALL believe surrogacy is wrong (women who gives birth is mother)
ALLOWED
- IVF and artificial insemination by husband are permitted (embryos destroyed are 14 days old and ensoulment happens at 120) - 39Ethical problems with transplant surgery...- expensive
- limited form
- who should receive it?
- youngest or oldest person? - 404 issues with organ donation... (people carry organ donation cards voluntarily)- should humans be using animal organs?
- family members pressured to donating organs of a loved one
- not enough donor organs for those requiring organs
- who should get them? - 41Christians agree with transplant surgery because...- personal conscience
- positive action
- raises on problems in afterlife
- loving and charitable act - 42Christians disagree with transplant surgery because...- against sanctity of life
- interferes with Gods plan
- organs shouldn't be replaced if the means for a new organ is alcohol
- wrong to replace God's creation - 43Muslim attitudes FOR and AGAINST transplant surgery...FOR
- saves the lives of others - Allah agrees
- would allow to close relatives
- people can survive with one kidney
AGAINST
- against sanctity of life
- only God should give and take life
- body will be resurrected on last day therefore need organs - 44Causes of war...- fear
- national pride
- racial hatred
- natural resources
- protection from exploitation - 454 factors that lead to the Darfur war... (2003-2007)- economic = food and water shortages because of drought increase desertification and forced struggling farmers off the land
- long term ethnic hatred = over ethnic and religious issues
- remote location = poor transport and communication links
- national pride = south of Sudan wanted to be independent country, government wanted it to stay as one. - 46What is the United Nations?- international body
- set up after WW2
- 192 members
- promote world peace and cooperation - 47What do the UN do?- aim to achieve world peace
- campaign against poverty, human rights
- use conflict resolution and reconciliation
- try reduce weapons of mass destruction - 483 factors that help decide if Darfur was a success or failure...Negotiation- Sudanese and UN agreed to stop conflict, failed
Sanctions - countries stopped oil trading with Sudan
Peacekeeping forces- small force went into Darfur in 2004, protected civilians
SUCCESS OR FAILURE?
UN stemmed number of killings and organized more peace talks, intervention still too late to stop mass killing in DARFUR - 49Name two organizations for Christian and Islamic that work for peace...Christian = WCC 1948 encouraging heal divisions between nations
PC 1945 opposed to war and violence, encourage through social justice
Islamic = IR 1948 help victims of war worked in Somalia, Iraq
MPF 1994 works against injustice and helps all faiths - 50What do organizations do when taking action?- interfaith conferences
- teach forgiveness
- peace talks
- help victims suffering from injustice - 51Name 4 criteria for a Just war- aimed to bring peace
- no innocent civilians killed
- methods are fair
- last resort - 52Christian attitudes to Just war...'Love your enemies'
'Blessed are the peacemakers'
Some ACCEPT it others follow PACIFIST principles.
SOME reasons - Jesus taught obedience
- in response to invasion violence is ok
- St Paul said people have a duty to obey those in authority
- right to have armed forces to protect nations
PACIFIST principles - ten commandments forbid killing
- (quote up the top)
- weapons of mass destruction cause unimaginable suffering
- Jesus stopped followers from violence - 53Muslim attitudes to war... (Lesser jihad and Greater jihad) Qur'an teaches to fight if attacked Muhammad fought in wars Qur'an says anyone killed in just war will go to heavenLesser jihad - cases where violence is allowed
1 to defend Islam
2 last resort
3 innocents not attacked
4 aim to restore peace
Greater jihad - struggle Muslims face to better themselves
1 studying Qur'an
2 good deeds
3 attending mosque
4 fighting envy - 54Muslim attitudes against war...
Information
- Description
- Flashcards on POR Unit 8, created by Emily Atkinson on 10/05/2016.
- Created by
- Emily Atkinson
- Views
- 6
- Rating