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Description
Flashcards by Ahmed Radwan9332, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ahmed Radwan9332
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Penicillin (G, VK, benzathine) work on which organisms. | viridans group strept. + Streptococcus pyrogens + oral anaerobes + syphilis + Leptospira. |
| Ampicillin & amoxicillin work on which organisms | Same as penicillins + Lyme disease, HELPS (H. influenza , E. coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella) |
| Penicillins are best initial therapy in? | - Otitis media - Dental infections. - Endocarditis prophylaxis. - Lyme limited to rash, joint, or 7th cranial nerve. - UTI in pregnants. - Listeria monocytogenes. - Enterococcal infections. |
| Penicillinase - resistant penicillins (oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, nafcillin) used to treat ? | - Skin infections (Cellulitis, impetigo, erysipelas) - Endocarditis. - Meningitis. - Bacteremia from staph. - Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis only when proven sensitive. |
| When is Methicillin the right answer? | Never |
| (Pipracillin, ticarcillin, azolocillin, mezlocillin) are best initial therapy for? | - Cholecystitis. - Ascending cholangitis. - Pyelonephritis. - Bacteremia. - Hospital acquired and ventilator associated pneumonia. - Neutropenia and fever. |
| What is the only cephalosporin that will cover MRSA? | Ceftaroline |
| All cephalosporins in all classes cover? | - Group A, B, C strept. - Viridans strept. - E. coli. - Klebsiella. - Proteus mirabilis. |
| First Gen cephalosporin examples? | Cefazolin, cefadroxyl, cepharadrine, cephalexin. |
| First gen cephalosporin used to treat ? | - Staph. - Strept. ( except enterococcus) - E. coli. - osteomyelitis. - septic arthritis. - cellulitis. |
| Only cephalosporin that cover anaerobes are? | Cefotetan + cefoxitin ( both are 2nd gen) |
| 2nd gen cephalosporin examples. | Cefotetan cefoxitin cefuroxime. laracarbef cefaclor cefprozil |
| Best initial therapy for Pelvic inflammatory disease? | cefotetan or cefoxitin combined with doxycyclin. |
| Dangerous side effect of cefotetan and cefoxitin. | - increase risk of bleeding. - disfulfiram like reaction with alcohol. |
| 3rd gen cephalosporin examples. | ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime. |
| Ceftriaxone used to treat. | - 1st line for pneumococcus ( even when partially insensistive) - Meningitis. - community acquired pneumonia( in combination with macrolides) - Gonorrhea. - Lyme involving heart or brain. |
| why avoid ceftriaxone in neonates? | because of impaired biliary metabolism. ( used cefotaxime) |
| Cefepime used for? | - neutropenia + fever. - Ventilator associated pneumonia. |
| What is used with neutropenic fever? | - Pipracillin with tazobactam. - Carbapenems. Cefepime. |
| Examples of carbapenems. | Imipenem. Meropenem. Doripenem. Entrapenem ( different in NOT covering Pseudomonas) |
| What is Aztreonam? | Only drug in the monobactams and used to treat Pseudomonas. |
| Best therapy for community acquired pneumonia? | Fluroquinolones |
| The only Quinolone used for diverticulitis and GI infection as single agent is? | Moxifloxacin. ( Does not need metronidazol) |
| Side effects of Quinolones | - Bone growth abnormality in children and pregnant. - Tendonitis and achillis tendon rupture. |
| Uses of Fluoroquinolones? | - Gram - ve bacilli including pseudomonas. - Cipro for cystitis and pyelonephritis. - Community aquired pneumonia. |
| Uses of Aminoglycosides. (Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Amikacin) | - Gram -ve bacilli (bowl, urine, bactremia) - Synegestic with betalactam AB for enterococci and staph. |
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