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Description
Flashcards by Ella Ivanovici, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ella Ivanovici
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| name the different categories of matter | |
| What is a pure substance (give examples) | A pure substance only contains one type of particle/molecule (ex: sugar because it is only made up of glucose molecules) |
| What is an element (give examples) | An element contains only one type of atom (ex: copper because it only contains copper atoms) |
| What is a compound (give examples) | A type of matter that is made up of two or more different elements that are joined by chemical bonds (ex: Water H2O) |
| What is a mixture (give examples) | A mixture contains two or more pure substances which are not chemically combined together (ex: water and dirt) |
| what are the two different types of mixtures? | 1. Homogeneous Particles are distributed so there appears to be only one substance 2. Heterogeneous Particles are unevenly distributed so you can see more than one substance |
| is this homogeneous or heterogeneous? | homogeneous |
| is this homogeneous or heterogeneous? | heterogeneous |
| explain the difference between solvent and solute | A solute is a substance that dissolves in another substance which is the solvent (ex: salt dissolving in water, Water is the solvent and the salt is the solute) |
| name the 5 different methods of separating mixtures | 1. Chromatography 2. Filtration 3. Evaporation 4. Distillation 5. Magnet attraction |
| Explain what Chromatography is | A technique using a solvent to separate a mixture into its components. |
| how would you find out the dyes present in sweets | 1. Food colouring is applied to chromatography paper. 2. The paper is dipped into a solvent. (e.g water, alcohol) 3. The solvent travels up the paper, dissolving and carrying the dye along with it. 4. Coloured spots are seen in different positions on the paper at the end of results. |
| Explain what Filtration is | Separates a liquid from a solid |
| How do we separate a liquid from a solid | 1. A mixture is poured into the filter funnel lined with filter paper. 2. Liquid particles are small enough to go through the filter paper but the solid particles are too large to go through. 3.The solid that remains in the filter paper is called residue. |
| Explain how you could separate salt and water using evaporation. | 1. Mix some salt into distilled water 2. Heat the mixture till all the water has evaporated 3. only the salt will remain |
| Explain what Distillation is | separating a liquid from a solution |
| How do we separate a liquid from a solution | 1. Solution is heated in a flask until the it boils. 2. Pure liquid turns into a vapour and leaves the flask 3. Vapour is then cooled by a condenser, which changes it back into a liquid |
| Explain what magnetic attraction | separating a magnetic substance from a non- magnetic substance Ex: sand & iron fillings |
| Name the 2 types of changes in matter | 1. physical change 2. chemical change |
| Explain physical change | Physical changes only change the appearance of the substance not it's chemical composition. |
| Explain chemical change | chemical changes cause a substance to change an entirely different substance with a new chemical formula. |
| name indicators of chemical changes | 1. Color change 2. Bubbling and fizzing 3. Light production 4. Formation of a precipitate 5. Loss of heat or production of heat |
| Is sugar dissolving in tea a chemical or physical change? Explain why. | physical change because if you were to evaporate the water then the sugar would still be left in the cup. All of the components that you started with are still there, even if you can't see them. |
| Are Logs burning a chemical or physical change? Explain why. | chemical change because the wood in the presence of heat and oxygen transforms into into carbon dioxide, water vapour, and ash. |
| Is cutting paper a chemical or physical change? | physical change |
| is Metal rusting a chemical or physical change? | chemical change |
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