Social Trends - Glossary

Description

Key terms and definitions used in Social Trends
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Flashcards by Wheels “Wheelsdavis", updated more than 1 year ago
Wheels “Wheelsdavis"
Created by Wheels “Wheelsdavis" almost 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
Action Research A research style that focuses on a particular task or problem
Ageing Population A population in which the proportion of people of retirement age is increasing faster than other age groups
Advocacy When someone speaks on behalf of someone else who is unable to voice their views
Birth Rate The number of babies born per thousand of the population per year
Biased Prejudice or preference for the researcher's own argument
Bias Distortion of results of research caused by undue influence of a specific factor
Census Full scale national survey taken once every ten years since 1801 (apart from 1941)
Child Support Agency Est, 1993 Absent parent traced by CSA to support children financially
Closed Question Has a fixed set of answers, often used to arrive at quantitative data
Cohabitation Couples living together in a permanent relationship without being married
Chort Study A systematic study of a specific group of people
Congruence To agree
Conjugal Roles The roles played by adult males and females within a family. They may be segregated (separate roles) or joint (shared equal roles). Also referred to as the division of labour
Continuum The range between two points
Correlation A link between two data sets
Demographic The science of the population to include the description of factual characteristics such as age, gender or income level
Disproportionate Random Sampling A technique to make sure that small groups within a target population are adequately represented in the sample
Distort Twist or contort or misrepresent
Domiciliary Services Health and social care services which take place in service users' home
Dual-worker Families Where both partners work
Emigration People leaving a country to settle elsewhere
Evaluate Consider the advantages and disadvantages and make judgements against theory or the views of others
Feminist Follower of a 1960s movement which promoted women's rights at home and at work
Fertility Rate The number of babies born per thousand women of child-bearing age per year
Generalisation The extent to which findings of a survey are applicable to a wider population
Glass Ceiling An invisible barrier that prevents some women from fulfilling their potential in the workplace and explains why there are relatively fewer females in senior positions
Immigration People moving into a country to live
Independent Sector Agencies that provide health and social care independently from statutory services. They could be private or voluntary
Infant Mortality Rate The number of deaths of infants under one year old per thousand live births. An indicator or general prosperity
Informal Care Usually unpaid care given by family, friends or nieghbours
Informed Consent When someone has been given the facts about the research to be carried out and on this basis has agreed to take part
Life Expectancy The number of years a newborn baby can be expected to live
Longitudinal Study A piece of research conducted over a significant period of time
Macro Research Large scale research
Micro Research Small scale research
Migration The movement of people from one area to another
Multi-cultural Society A society which embraces and accepts people from different religious and ethnic backgrounds
New Man Someone who has moved away from the stereotypical traditional male "macho" figure to one who shares tasks equally with partner
New Right A view of the family that is based upon tradition and is reluctant to accept changes that have occurred e.g. increase in lone parent families. It believes that the nuclear family is the ideal, with little government intervention
Objective Research Not distorted by emotional involvement or personal bias
Opportunity Sampling The use, by the researcher, of those people who are available and/or willing to take part in a study
Perspective Viewpoint
Pilot Study A 'dry run' to test out a new data collection tool, this allows for modifications
Primary Research Information collected by the researcher themselves
Qualitative Data Instead of using numbers relies upon words to express feelings, values and attitudes
Quantitative Data Data which can be put into numerical form e.g. percentages, numbers, tables, graphs and charts
Quota Sampling The selection of specified number of subjects, who satisfy a number predetermined criteria
Recession Deteriorating economic conditions, when unemployment increases and productivity declines
Relatability The extent to which research findings may be applicable to other, similar population samples
Reliability The extent to which a measurement yields the same answer each time it is used
Rising Longevity People are living longer due to improvements in diet, health care and education
Sampling The Selection of a representative cross-section of the population being studied
Secondary Data Information used by a researcher but collected by someone else
Secularisation The decline in religious beliefs, religious behaviour and the role of the church
Self Concept The view we have of ourselves
Self Esteem Self confidence
Semi-structured Data Information collected about specific topics but expressed in the respondents' own words
Serial Monogamy Having several marriage partner during a lifetime
Statutory Services Those provided by the state, through legislation
Stratified Random Sampling Selection of subjects in proportion to the numbers of a group from a sampling data
Subjective Research coloured or affected by personal views, emotions or prejudice
Third Sector Voluntary sector
Total Fertility Rate This measure expresses births in a year in terms of the implied overage number of children per women over a lifetime
Unethical Not carried out in accordance with the principles of conduct that are considered correct
Unstructured Data Not tightly controlled by interviewer, therefore in respondents' own words
Validity Extent to which a measurement truly reflects the phenomenon being studied. Refers to the quality of research results
Voluntary Organisations Non-profit making agencies e.g. charities
Welfare State A 'safety net' for individuals and families whereby the government will ensure a basic minimum standard of care and support
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