Unit 1.2 Understanding Physical Change

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Opal Khan
Flashcards by Opal Khan, updated more than 1 year ago
Opal Khan
Created by Opal Khan almost 8 years ago
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How can most physical changes be understood? By using the particle model.
What is the particle model? The particle model is a simple representation of solids, liquids and gases.
What does the particle model assume? The particle model assumes that all forms of matter are made up of invisible particles that are: -hard and incompressible -attracted to each other -constantly moving
How are the particles in solids? In solids, the attraction between particles binds them tightly together. For this reason, solids are incompressible and hold their shape.
How are the particles in liquids? In liquids, the particles are also packed tightly together, which makes liquids incompressible.
How are the particles in gases? In gases, the particles are not stuck to each other at all and there are large spaces between gas particles which makes them highly compressible.
How can the physical changes of expansion and contraction be understood? The physical changes of expansion and contraction can be understood by looking at how the motion of particles changes with temperature.
As the temperature increases what else happens? As the temperature increases, so do the vibrations of the particles.
What happens if the vibration increases? It pushes the particles further apart, causing the solid to expand.
What happens when a solid is cooled? The particles vibrate less, allowing them to be packed more tightly and the solid contracts.
What is the difference between the particles in solids and liquids? In liquids the particles are free to move, so liquids tend to expand and contract more than solids.
What happens when the temperature of a gas is increased? When the temperature of a gas is increased, the particles travel faster.
What happens if the particles travel faster? They hit the sides of their container more frequently and with more force.
What happens if a gas is cooled? If a gas is cooled, the particles travel slower and hit the sides of their container less frequently and with less force.
How does the particle model explain changes of state? The particle model explains the changes of state by looking at the relationship between how the particles move and the attraction between them.
What is freezing? Freezing is the opposite of melting. As the free-moving particles in the liquid are cooled, they become less energetic, and eventually the attraction between the particles is able to fix them in position, forming a solid.
When does evaporation occur? Evaporation occurs when particles in a liquid escape from the surface of the liquid to form a gas.
What is condensation? When a gas is cooled and the particles move slower until the forces of attraction between the particles can hold and stick them together to form liquid droplets.
When are mixtures formed? Mixtures are formed when two or more pure substances are mixed together.
What is diffusion? Diffusion is a process where two liquids or two gases mix due to the motion of their particles.
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