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- 1Settlement function change Aberfan, Wales5 miles away from Merthyr Tydfil.
Agricultural - bottom of a valley.
1875 - Industrial - coal mines opened.
1987 - Residential - coal mines closed.
Now - Still residential and commuter - people living there.
Arguably retirement - age structure shows many 60+ year olds. - 2Causes of counter urbanisation-Urban areas have lots of crime, pollution and traffic.
-Increase in car ownership... people can live further away from their work.
-Technological improvements - more people can work from home.
-Ageing population - retired people want a more relaxed lifestyle. - 3Positive impacts of counter urbanisation (on rural communities)+ Local schools have more students and can stay open. e.g. Austrey have 120 students but used to have 16 in 1961.
+ Local businesses also benefit e.g. "bird in hand" pub in Austrey
+ old buildings turned into houses - more attractive area, improved community spirit. - 4Negative impacts of counter urbanisation (on rural communities)- conflict between residents and 'newcomers' - loss of community spirit.
- local traditions may not be respected. - loss of community spirit.
- many migrants still work in the urban areas - driving to work, causing congestion. e.g. Austrey - most people own two cars. - also working in urban areas leaves the village as 'ghost town' during the day.
-Rise in demand for housing - raised house pricing... local people cant afford a house?
- many migrants do not support local businesses. - 5Reasons for depopulation in remote rural areas (such as the Highlands of Scotland)- lack of services (e.g.hospitals and schools)
- lack of jobs (decline in primary industry)
-young people move away to university/work and never come back.
-lack of things to do - people prefer to be around available facilities. - 6Demographic and Social impacts of depopulation in remote rural areas (such as Highlands of Scotland)Demographic - Decline in all age groups up to 40 years and a rise in older age groups.
Social - Decline in services - Schools closed. -- 83% of remote rural areas have no GP. --In Cornwall, the nearest hospital with cancer treatment is in Plymouth (up to 100miles away) - 7Environmental and Economic impacts of depopulation in remote rural areas (such as Highlands of Scotland)Economic -less people using services, less money spent on them -local councils may stop services (such as busses - only 75% have access to busses). -- People may have to pay more for services
Environmental -neglected buildings= visually polluting--less people benefits wildlife and habitats. - 8—
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Hollie Pedlar on 14/06/2016.
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- Hollie Pedlar
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