6140931
Description
Flashcards by Hasini Dee, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hasini Dee
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| strong acids | almost fully ionise in water eg HCl |
| weak acids | partially ionise in water (double sided arrow is used). |
| strong base | readily accepts protons from water eg OH- |
| weak base | does not readily accept protons from water (double sided arrow) eg. NH3 |
| concentration | amount (grams, moles) of solute dissolved in the volume of a solvent. |
| strength vs concentration + eg. | ethanoic acid is a weak acid yet it can be concentrated or diluted. doesn't affect the strength of the acid/base. |
| neutralisation | acid + base -- Salt + water |
| Metal hydroxides | ionic substances that accompany the OH- base |
| oxidation | donates electrons (oil) |
| reduction | reduction accepts electrons (rig) |
| oxidation side | RHS |
| reduction side | LHS |
| substance that undergoes oxidation | reductant |
| substance that undergoes reduction | oxidant |
| oxidation number rules (1-4) | Natural state, elemental ions, neutral compounds, polyatomic ions. |
| oxidation number increases | oxidised |
| oxidation number decreases | reduction |
| KOHES | key element balance Of balance H balance e- add states |
| Gold foil experiment | Zinc sulfate screen, Alpha beam, protons. |
| isotopes | same atomic number different mass |
| Law of conservation of mass | total mass of reactants = total mass of products |
| dilution formula | c1v1=c2v2 |
| standard solution | accurately known solution |
| volumetric analysis | finding concentration of unknown substances |
| pipette | delivers volume of a solution |
| what comes out of a pipette | aliquot |
| burette | volume of solution |
| what comes out of a butrtte | titre |
| equivalence point | when acid + base have neutralised |
| end point | acid-base indicator changes colour close to equivalence point |
| primary solution | used to create a standard solution |
| process of releasing titre from a burette | titration |
| ionic substances that are highly soluble in water | PANES (Potassium, ammonium, nitrate, ethanoate, sodium) |
| ionic substances that have little solubility in water | CHOPS (Carbonate ion, hydroxide ion, oxide ion, phosphate ion, sulfide ion) |
| precipitate | A solid formed when 2 ionic solutions combine |
| acid + metal | Salt + hydrogen |
| acid + metal hydroxide | Salt + Water |
| corrosion | oxidation of metals by materials in their environment. Two types of corrosion dry corrosion and wet corrosion. |
| dry corrosion | Metal reacts directly with oxygen |
| wet corrosion | Metal reacts directly with oxygen in the presence of water.water speeds up a reacrion |
| corrosion protection | surface protection, alloying and electrochemical protection |
| surface protection | used to prevent air and water from coming into contact with Metal. eg plastic, paint or oil/grease |
| noble coating | coating a less reactive Metal than steel |
| sacrificial coating | coating of a more reactive Metal than steel |
| alloying | iron can be alloyed with small quantities of metals |
| electrochemical protection | placing a more reactive Metal in electrical contact with the Metal that needs protection |
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