Flashcards
Chapter 1 Statistics Vocab
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1StatisticsA science that involves the extraction of information from numerical data obtained during an experiment from a sample
- 2Populationthe entire group of individuals (subjects) about which the researcher wants information.
1. All U.S. citizens
2. All male students at this university
3. All sections of all courses taught this semester at this university - 3Parameter (population)msome characteristic of the population that the researcher wants to measure.
1. Proportion of U.S. citizens who voted in the last Presidential election
2. Average (mean) height of all male students at this university
3. Proportion of all sections of all courses taught by adjunct (part-time) faculty - 4Parameter (greek letters) Mean- Proportion-μ (read mu)
π (read pi) - 5Sample (statistics)a subset of the population that we examine in order to gather information.
- 6Statistica descriptive measure usually computed from a sample, which can be expressed or evaluated numerically.
- 7Sample (Symbols) mean- proportion-(X with bar on top) (read X-bar)
(p^) (read p-hat) - 8Inferencea statement about a population based on the data collected in a sample. One type of inference is using a sample statistic to estimate a population parameter.
- 9Distributiona listing of all the possible values that a characteristic can take and the number (or percentage) of times that each value occurs.
1. Consider gender of a student. Students are either male or female, and if we count the number of each that would give us the distribution.
2. Consider grades on a test worth 100 points. We can count the number of students who make grades between 0 and 9, between 10 and 19, etc through grades between 90 and 100. The 10-point intervals would be the values of the characteristic and the number of students in each interval would complete the distribution. - 10Descriptive Statisticsthe branch of statistics concerned with numerical and graphical techniques for describing one or more characteristics of a population and for comparing characteristics among populations.
- 11Inferential Statisticsthe branch of statistics in which we use data and statistics computed from a sample to make inferences (statements) about a population. Often the inference is based on some descriptive statistic that has already been computed or created
- 12Qualitative (or categorical) variablea variable whose measurements vary in kind or name but not in degree, meaning that they cannot be arranged in order of magnitude. Hence one level of a qualitative variable cannot be considered greater or better than another level.
1. Gender — male or female
2. Eye color — you can name the eye color
3. Social security number – a number is used to identify (name) a person - 13Quantitative variablea variable whose measurements vary in magnitude from trial to trial, meaning some order or ranking can be applied.
1. Number of students in a particular class
2. Weight of a typical student
3. Grades on a test - 14Discrete quantitative variablea variable whose measurements can assume only a countable number of possible values.
1. Number of students in a particular class
2. Number of cars in a parking deck
3. Grades on a test - 15Continuous quantitative variablea variable whose measurements can assume any one of a countless number of values in a line interval. It is usually either a measurable quantity or something that is calculated such as rates, averages, proportions, and percentages.
1. Weight of a typical student
2. Percentage of students who pass a course
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- Flashcards on Chapter 1 Statistics Vocab , created by Austin Morales on 29/08/2016.
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- Austin Morales
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