Flashcards
Lecture 6: Cellular Environment- Acids and Bases
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1describe the concept of pH for blood and 3 other body fluids- describes the free H+ conc
-low pH = high H+ = more acidic
-less than 7.35 = acidic
greater than 7.45 = basic - 2what is the pH of 1. blood 2. cerebrospinal fluid 3. intracellular fluids 4. urine1. 7.35-7.45 (lower in venous because of waste 7.35)
2. cerebrospinal = 7.3
3. intracellular = 6.8-7.0 (contracting skeletal - 6.4 from lactic acid)
4. bring = 6.0 - 3identity the sources of acids in the body1. carboxyl
2. phosphate esters
3. phosphodiesters
4. sulfhydryl group is weakly acidic
get acidic envr from glycolosis, oxidation of fatty acids - 4how do we get non volatile acids (5)1.glycolysis -> lactic acid
2.breakdown of proteins and s containing amino acids
3.beta ox of FAs -> kept acids (B oh butyrate, acetoacetate, acetate)
4. ingestion of acid precursors i.e. aspirin
5. syntheiss of phospholipids and phosphoproteins - 5describe how metabolic reactions contribute to production of volatile acidsvolitile: in oxydation and tea cycle, co2 is related this reacts with water -> carbonic acid. if carbonic acid anhydrase present -> dissociates into H+ and HCO3- (bicarbonate)
- 6identify the source of bases in the body1. amino group (NH2) the major basic group
- not generated in the body , are derived from plant products - 7explain how to control pH with henderson hasselbach equationco2+ h2o = h2co3=h+ + hco3-
pH = 6.1+ log [bicarb]/[co2]
so if you increase add acid (h+) get the reaction to the left
if add base oh you get reaction to the right + water - 8apply the concepts of the henderson hasselbach equation to respiratory control of blood ph in the lungspdf
- 9apply the concepts of the henderson hasselbach equation to metabolic control of blood pH by the kidneyspdf
- 10describe the 4 main types of acidosis and alkalosispdf
- 11how does hemoglobin buffer systems affect blood pHsdfds
- 12how does phosphate buffer systems affect blood pHsdks
- 13list the effects of changes in pH on the functions of muscles and nervesenv
- 14what are the 3 main buffer systems1. bicarbonate ions (main extracellular)
2. phospate ion (intracellularly) (also present in urine)
3. cytoplasmic proteins (intracellular) can bind H+ and kick out K to maintain neutral