Formulae and equations

Description

AS level Chemistry Flashcards on Formulae and equations, created by Bethan Lewis on 13/09/2016.
Bethan Lewis
Flashcards by Bethan Lewis, updated more than 1 year ago
Bethan Lewis
Created by Bethan Lewis about 8 years ago
8
1

Resource summary

Question Answer
What are the seven diatomic elements? Iodine Bromine Chlorine Fluorine Oxygen Nitrogen Hydrogen
What is a diatomic element Elements which exist only as molecules of two atoms.
What are the charges of the ions: bromide, carbonate, chloride, fluoride, hydroxide, iodide, nitrate, oxide, sulfate? Bromide: Br - Carbonate: CO3 2- Chloride: Cl - Fluoride: F - Hydroxide: OH - Iodide: I - Nitrate NO3 - Oxide: O 2- Sulfate: SO4 2-
What are the charges of the ions: aluminium, ammonium, barium, calcium, copper (II), hydrogen, iron (II), iron (III)? Aluminium: Al 3+ Ammonium: NH4 + Barium: Ba 2+ Calcium: Ca 2+ Copper (II): Cu 2+ Hydrogen: H + Iron(II): Fe 2+ Iron (III): Fe 3+
What are the charges of the ions: lithium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, zinc? Lithium: Li + Magnesium: Mg 2+ Nickel: Ni 2+ Potassium: K + Silver: Ag + Sodium: Na + Zinc: Zn 2+
What are the oxidation number rules? 1. Uncombined elements are 0 2. Sum of all atoms/ions in a neutral compound is 0 3. Sum of all atoms in an ion is equal to the ion's charge 4. More electronegative element in a substance is negative and less electronegative is positive 5. Fluorine is always -1 6. Oxygen is usually -2 7. Hydrogen is usually +1 8. In compounds, groups 1, 2 and aluminium are +1, +2 and +3 respectively
What are the first two most electronegative elements? 1. fluorine 2. oxygen
What are the exceptions to the rules of oxidation numbers? 1. Hydrogen in a metal hydride (combined with only metal) is -1 2. Oxygen is +2 when combined with F and -1 when in a peroxide 3. Chlorine is not -1 when combined with fluorine/oxygen
Give the definitions of oxidation and reduction Oxidation: when something loses electrons Reduction: when something gains electrons
Give the definitions of oxidation number and standard state Oxidation number: number showing the number of electrons lost/gained by an atom of that element in a compound. Standard state: an element that exists at 25 degrees celcius
Give the definitions of spectator ion, total ionic equation and net ionic equation Spectator ion: Ion that is present in solution but doesn't participate in the precipitation reaction. Total ionic equation: before the spectator ions have been removed. Net ionic equation: after the spectator ions have been removed.
What are the steps to writing a net ionic equation? 1. Balance the molecular equation 2. Split aqueous compounds into ions with charges 3. Cancel out the spectator ions
Oxidation number Number of electrons that need to be added to or taken away from an element to make it neutral
When are oxidation numbers used? Used in redox reactions to show which species is oxidised & which is reduced.
Show full summary Hide full summary

Similar

Using GoConqr to study science
Sarah Egan
Electrolysis
lisawinkler10
Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
silviaod119
Chemistry General Quiz - 2
lauren_johncock
Chemistry Quiz General -3
lauren_johncock
Chemistry Module C2: Material Choices
James McConnell
AS Chemistry - Enthalpy Changes
Sarah H-V
The Periodic Table
asramanathan
Acids and Bases
Sarah Egan
Ionic Bondic Flashcards.
anjumn10
Acids and Bases
silviaod119