6565455
Description
Flashcards by Layla Ahmed, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Layla Ahmed
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is Genetics? | Study of heredity & the variation of inherited characteristics |
| What is Heredity? | Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| What is a genome? | The full set of DNA that makes up an organism. |
| What is DNA? | A molecule that carries genetic information in cells. |
| What is a chromosome? | An organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in a cell. |
| How many chromosomes in a human body cell? | 46 |
| What is a locus? | The location of a gene on a chromosome. |
| How many genes are in chromosomes? | Thousands. |
| Labeling of chromosomes. | |
| What are chromosomes held together by? | A centromere. |
| What is a gene? | A segment of DNA molecule that codes for a particular traits. |
| What is a genotype? | The genetic make up of an individual. ( "The Code") |
| What is a phenotype? | An individual outward appearance with respect to a specific characteristic. ("What it looks like") |
| TRUE OR FALSE: Genotype determines Phenotype. | TRUE: "The Code" determines "What you look like" |
| What is an allele? | A specific form of a gene variant forms of a gene detected as different phenotypes. Ex. The gene for eye colour in one locus, BUT there are different alleles for eye colour. |
| What is cell theory? | 1. All living things are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the smallest entity that retains the properties of life. 3. New cells arise only from cells that already exist. |
| What are somatic cells? | All the cells of the body OTHER THAN sex cells. They are diploid; a cell containing the full number of chromosomes. |
| What are gametes? | Sex cells (sperm, eggs). They are haploid; cell containing half the numbers of chromosomes of the somatic cell. |
| What is the rate that blood cells are replaced? | One million per second. |
| What is mitosis (somatic)? | A type of cell division in which a daughter cell receives the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
| What are the Phases of Mitosis? | Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase |
| What happens during interphase? | -Cells grow -DNA duplicated -In preparation for division |
| What are sister chromatids? | A chromosome and it's duplicate attached to one another by a centromere. |
| What happens during Prophase? | -Chromosomes condense -Nuclear envelope breaks down -Centrioles move to opposite poles |
| What are centrioles? | Small protein cubes that organize the movement of cells during cell division. |
| What are spindle fibres? | Protein structures that guide chromosomes during cell division. |
| What happens during Metaphase? | -Chromosomes line up along the center axis of the cell, guided by the spindle fibers that extend from the centrioles. |
| What happens during Anaphase? | -The chromosomes split up |
| What is a cleavage? | The furrow between two dividing cells. I think. Still fuzzy on that. |
| What does Mitosis result in? | 2 daughter cells with the same # of chromosomes. |
| What cancer is in Tasmanian Devils? | The cancer, called devil facial tumor disease, has killed 70% of the Tasmanian devil population. The cancer cells themselves are transmitted from devil to devil |
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