Flashcards
PHRM 590 | Pharmacy Practice 1 | Top 200 Drugs
Cards in this deck (61)
- 1ClonazepamKlonopin
Anti-Anxiety & Anti-Seizure
Panic Disorders, Seizures (Lennox-Gastaut)
0.5mg - 2mg Dosage
Benzodiazepines (Inhibit NT GABA)
Tired, NO EtOH, PCP if severe ADR, HABIT FORMING, DON'T STOP ABRUPTLY - 2GabapentinNeurontin
Anti-Convulsant, & Anti-Neuralgic
Seizures, Neuralgia
100mg - 600mg Dosage
UNKOWN MOA, Related to GABA
Tired, NO EtOH, PCP if severe ADR, w/o regards to food, DON'T STOP ABRUPTLY - 3PregabalinLyrica
Anti-Convulsant & Anti-Neuralgic
DM Neuropathy Pain, Seizures, Fibromyalgia
25 mg - 300 mg Dosage
May relate to binding of α-2-δ sites at CNS
Tired, NO EtOH, PCP if severe ADR, Unexplained Muscle Pain, w/o regards to food, Do not stop abruptly - 4TopiramateTopamax
Anti-Epileptic
Seizures & Prophylaxis of Migraines
15 mg - 100 mg Dosage
UNKOWN MOA, May block Na Action Potentials, ↑ Gaba Activation to Induce Cl flux into Neuron, Antagonizes Kainate
Tired, NO EtOH, PCP if severe ADR, Blurred Vision or Periorbital Pain, w/o regards to food, Hydrate to avoid Kidney Stones - 5LamotrigineLamictal
Anti-Epileptic
Seizures & Bipolar 1 Mood Episodes/Disorder
5 mg - 300 mg Dosage
UNKOWN MOA, May inhibit Voltage sensitive Sodium Channels, modulating glutamate & other neurotransmitters
Tired, PCP if severe ADR, hypersensitivity for rash, pregnancy, or lactation, Do not change dosage without PCP - 6BenztropineCogentin
Anti-Parkinsonism
Parkinson's Disease
0.5 mg - 2 mg
Inhibits Cholinergic & Histamine Receptors
NO EtOH, PCP if severe ADR, Take w/ Food/Milk. Don't stop sudden, Avoid Hot Weather Exposure. - 7Ropinerole HClRequip
Anti-Parkinsonism
Parkinson's & Restless Leg Syndrome
0.25-12mg Dosage
DA Agonist, Stimulates DA Receptors
Tired/Dizzy, NO EtOH, PCP if start/stop smoking, Take w/o regard to food. Don't stopsudden, Orthostatic Hypotension, Hallucinations possible. - 8Carbidopa/LevodopraSinemet
Anti-Parkinsonism
Parkinson's Disease
10/100-50/200mg Dosage
LDopa: Cross BBB, converts to DA
CDopa: Inhibits COMT, ↑ L-Dopa
Contact PCP if severe ADR, Take with food = avoid GI upset. Don't stop sudden,
AVOID Vitamin B6 - 9PramipexoleMirapex
Anti-Parkinsonism
Parkinson's & Restless Leg Syndrome
0.125-4.5mg Dosage
DA Receptor Agonist
Tired/Dizzy. Contact PCP if severe ADR or Vision Problems, Take with food = avoid GI upset. Hallucinations possible, Orthostatic Hypotension - 10Memantine HClNamenda
Alzheimer's Agent
Alzheimer's Disease
5-28mg Dosage
May uncompetitively bind NMDA Receptors
Contact PCP if severe ADR, Take with food = avoid GI upset. TAKE BEFORE BED - 11Donepezil HClAricept
AD Agent
Alzheimer's Disease
5-10mg Dosage
AChE Inhibitor
Contact PCP if severe ADR, w/o regards to meals. Take before bed - 12DiazepamValium
Anti-Anxiety
Anxiety, EtOH Withdrawl, OCD, Pre-Op.
2-10mg Dosage & Rectal Gel
Benzodiazepine, Facilitates Inhibit. NT Gaba
Tired. No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed, skip and return following day! Dilute Gel before using. HABIT FORMING - 13LorazepamAtivan
Anti-Anxiety
Anxiety, Insomnia, Pre-OP Sedation
0.5-2mg Dosage
Benzodiazepine, Facilitates Inhibit. NT Gaba
Tired. No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed, skip and return following day. HABIT FORMING - 14QuetiapineSeroquel
Anti-Psychotic
SZ. Major Depressive Disorder
25-400mg Dosage
5HT-1A & 5HT-2A Antagonists
DA-1 & DA-2 Antagonists
H1, α-1, α-2 Antagonists
Tired. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-skip and return following day. w/o regards to meals. DO NOT CHANGE DOSE OR CHEW TABLET - 15Ziprazidone HClGeodon
Anti-Psychotic
SZ, Acute Agitation, Acute/Maintenance of Mania or Mixed Episodes
20-80mg Dosage
5HT-2 Antagonist & DA-2 Antagonist
Tired. No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, Tell PCP of CV condition or other Meds. If dose missed-skip and return following day. Take with food. May take several weeks to work. Heat Exposure and Dehydration - 16OlanzapineZyprexia
Anti-Psychotic
Psych Manifestation, Acute Mixed Manic Episodes, Agitation SZ
2.5-20mg Dosage
5HT-2 Antagonist & DA-2 Antagonist
Tired. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-skip and return following day. w/o regards to meals. Do not change dose - 17AriprazoleAbilify
Anti-Psychotic
SZ, Acute Mania/Mixed Episode
2.5-30mg dosage
5HT-2 Antagonist & DA-2 Partial Agonist
Tired. No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-skip & return following day.
Avoid Heat Exposure & Dehydration - 18HaloperidolHaldol
Anti-Psychotic
Psych Manifestations, Tics, Tourettes
0.5-20mg dosage
Competitively blocks DA receptors
Tired. No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-take ASAP.
Do not d/c. Photosensitive/Heat Intolerant - 19PaliperidoneInvega
Anti-Psychotic
SZ, Acute Mania/Mixed Episode
1.5-9mg Dosage
Active Metabolite of Risperidone
5HT-2 Antagonist & DA-2 Antagonist
Tired. No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-take ASAP. w/ food or milk for GI. Risk of fainting = care when sitting up
Avoid Sun and High Temp - 20RisperidoneRisperidal
Anti-Psychotic
SZ, Acute Mania/Mixed Episode, Autism
0.25-4mg dosage
5HT-2 Antagonist & DA-2 Partial Agonist
No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-take ASAP. Food or Milk for GI. Risk of fainting = care when sitting up
Avoid Sun and High Temp - 21Bupropion HClWellbutrin
Anti-Depressant
Depression & Smoking Cessation
75-450mg Dosage
DNRI (DA & NE Reuptake Inhibitor)
No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC use, Risk of Seizures. If dose missed-take ASAP. Absolutely NO Doubling Dosage. weight gain, mood changes, suicidal thoughts, may take 2 weeks to improve - 22Amitriptyline HClElavil
Anti-Depressant
Depression ONLY
10-150mg Dosage
TCA (NE & 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR, If dose missed-skip & return. Don't d/c - 23Duloxetine HClCymbalta
Anti-Depressant
Major depressive disorder, Neuropathic Pain, Generalized Anxiety, Chronic N.Musc. Pain
20-60mg Dosage
Potent NE & 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Slight inhibitor of DA Reuptake
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC use. If dose missed-skip & return. May take up to 4 weeks to work. Don't d/c abruptly. Suicidal Thoughts - 24Venlafaxine HClEffexor
Anti-Depressant
Depression, Gen. Anxiety, Social Anxiety
25-100mg Dosage
Potent NE & 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Slight inhibitor of DA Reuptake
No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC. Swallow capsules whole, no chewing. don't d/c without PCP. Mood changes, Suicidal thoughts. May take 2 weeks to work - 25Paroxetine HClPaxil
Anti-Depressant
Depression/OCD/P. Disorder/Social Anxiety
10-40mg Dosage
Selective 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC. Don't d/c abruptly, be sure to take only once every 24 hours. Behavior & Mood changes, such as suicidal thoughts.
May take 2 weeks to work. Swallow capsules whole - 26Trazodone HClDesyrel
Anti-Depressant
Depression ONLY
50-300mg Dosage
Selective 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Don't d/c abruptly, be sure to take only once every 24 hours. Behavior & Mood changes, such as suicidal thoughts. If dose missed, skip and return. May take 2 weeks to work. Swallow capsules whole - 27Fluoxetine HClProzac
Anti-Depressant
Depression, OCD, Bulimia Nervosa, Panic DIsorder
10-60mg Dosage
Selective 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Don't d/c abruptly, Behavior & Mood changes, such as suicidal thoughts. If dose missed, take ASAP. May take 2 weeks to work. Swallow capsules whole. Don't stop abruptly - 28Escitalopram OxalateLexapro
Anti-Depressant
Depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder
5-20mg Dosage
Selective 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC. Don't d/c abruptly, Behavior & Mood changes, such as suicidal thoughts. If dose missed, skip and return. May take 2 weeks to work. Swallow capsules whole. Don't stop abruptly - 29Sertraline HClZoloft
Anti-Depressant
Depression, OCD, Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety
25-100mg Dosage
Selective 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC. Don't d/c abruptly, Behavior & Mood changes, such as suicidal thoughts. If dose missed, skip and return. May take 2 weeks to work. Swallow capsules whole. Don't stop abruptly. Therapy must be continued to improve. - 30Citalopram HBrCelexa
Anti-Depressant
Depression
10-40mg Dosage
Selective 5HT Reuptake Inhibitor
Tired, No EtOH. Contact PCP if severe ADR & OTC. Don't d/c abruptly, Behavior & Mood changes, such as suicidal thoughts. If dose missed, skip and return. May take 2 weeks to work.. - 31Methylphenidate HClRitalin, Methylin, Concerta, Metadate CD
Immediate Release & Extended Release
CNS Stimulant
Attention Deficit Disorder
5-20mg Dosage
Activates Brain stem and cortex
Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose, skip and return. Take early evening for insomnia. Habit forming - 32Amphetamine & Dextroamphetamine SaltsAdderall XR
CNS Stimulant
Narcolepsy & ADHD
5-30mg Dosage
Unknown Direct Action on Adrenergic Receptors, release of NE
Dizzy, Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose, skip and return. Do not exceed dosage. No refills and habit forming. - 33MometasomeNasonex
Anti-Allergy
Preventative of Season Allergies Rhinitis
50mcg Dosage
Adrenocorticoid; binding to receptors, stimulate transcription of DNA
Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose, take ASAP. If no improvement after 3 weeks, use at regular amounts to clear nasal passages first. - 34FluticasoneFlonase
Anti-Allergy
Preventative of Season Allergies Rhinitis
50mcg Dosage
Adrenocorticoid; binding to receptors, stimulate transcription of DNA
Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose, take ASAP. If no improvement after 3 weeks, use at regular amounts to clear nasal passages first. - 35PsudoephedrineSudafed
- 36IprotropiumAtrovent
Anti-Allergy & COPD Agent
Bronchospasm, Rhinorrhea
"Associated with Allergic Rhinitis"
17mcg Dosage
Anti-Cholinergic
Missed Dose, take ASAP
No Double Dose - 37Iprotropium & AlbuterolCombivent
COPD Agent
COPD & Asthma
18mcg
Stimulates Adenylyl Cyclase = ↑ cAMP
"Relaxation of Smooth Muscle
Contact PCP for severe ADR. Don't exceed dose, avoid eye contact. Follow nebulizer instructions, at regular intervals - 38BudesonidePulmicort
COPD Agent
COPD & Asthma
80mcg
Corticosteroids; inhibiting MAST cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mediators (histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, cytokines)
Contact PCP is not working like it should or severe ADR. Don't exceed dose, avoid eye contact. Rinse mouth out after use. Follow inhalation direction. Missed dosage, skip and return. Not for immediate relief. - 39Fluticasone & SalmeterolAdvair
CODP Agent & Anti-Asthmatic
Asthma & COPD
100/50-500/50
Corticosteroids; inhibiting MAST cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mediators (histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, cytokines)
Contact PCP for severe ADR or condition worsens. Missed dosage, skip and return. Avoid contact with eyes, rinse mouth. Use regularly (not for right-away relief) Be sure to follow directions. - 40MontelukastSingular
Anti-Asthmatic & Anti-Allergy
Prevention of Asthma Outbreaks, Allergic Season Rhinitis
4-10mg Dosage
Binds to receptor, inhibits LTD4 Leukotrienes
Contact PCP for severe ADR. Missed dosage-take ASAP. Use regularly (not for right-away relief). Contains Phenylalanine - 41TheophylineTHEO-24
Anti-Asthmatic & Bronchodilator
Bronchial Asthma
100-400mg Dosage
Inhibits Phosphodiesterase, ↑ cAMP
Contact PCP for severe ADR. Missed dosage-skip & return. Empty stomach. Taken at regular intervals, avoid xanthine consumption. Swallow whole - 42AlbuterolProventil HFA, Ventolin HFA, Proair HFA
Bronchodilator
Bronchospasms
90mcg
Stimulates Adenylyl Cyclase, ↑ cAMP. Relaxation of smooth muscle
Don't take more often than written. Contact PCP, if treatment becomes less effective, avoid contact with eyes, and shake medication. Follow directions, clean mouth piece once weekly - 43MethylprednisoloneMedrol
Anti-Inflammatory
Various allergic & inflammation diseases
2-32mg Dosage
Adrenocorticoids
Contact PCP, if severe ADR, if dose missed-take ASAP. Take with food/milk for GI, and shake medication. Don't d/c medication, take as prescribed only - 44PrednisoneDeltasone
Anti-Inflammatory
Various allergic & inflammation diseases
1-20mg Dosage
Adrenocorticoids
Contact PCP, if severe ADR, if dose missed-take ASAP. Don't d/c medication, take as prescribed only - 45TamsulosinFlomax
Prostate Anti-Inflammatory Agent
BPH
0.4mg Dosage
α-adrenergic receptor blocker for prostate
Contact PCP, if severe ADR, if dose missed-skip and return. take 30 minutes after meal, don't d/c medication - 46DoxazosinCardura
Prostate Anti-Inflammatory Agent
HTN, BPH
1-8mg Dosage
α-1-adrenergic receptor antagonist
Dilation of blood vessels, ↓ blood pressure
Contact PCP, if severe ADR. Take first dosage at bedtime, risk of fainting. Avoid activities that require alertness 12 hours after admin. Avoid OTC, unless PCP - 47AtenololTenormin
Anti-HTN
HTN
25-100mg Dosage
Block β-1-adrenergic receptors;
↓ HF ↓ BP, Inhibits Tachycardia
Dizzy. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose-take ASAP. Take with food/milk for GI. Don't d/c. Masks hypoglycemia symptoms (DM). - 48CarvedilolCoreg
Anti-HTN
HTN, Heart Failure
3.125-25mg Dosage
Block β-1-adrenergic receptors;
↓ Cardiac Output ↓ Tachycardia
Dizzy. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose-take ASAP. Take with food to avoid Orthostatic Hypotension. Contact Lens wearing ↓ lacrimation. Don't d/c. Masks hypoglycemia symptoms (DM). Avoid Cough, Cold, Allergy, OTC Medications - 49Metoprolol SuccinateToprol XL
Anti-HTN
HTN, Angina Pectoris
25-200mg Dosage
Block β-1-adrenergic receptors;
↓ HR ↓ Cardiac Output ↓ BP ↓ Tachycardia
Dizzy. Contact PCP if severe ADR & HF Symptoms Worsen. Missed dose-take ASAP. Don't d/c. Masks hypoglycemia symptoms (DM). Swallow whole - 50Metoprolol TartrateLopressor
Anti-HTN
HTN, Acute Myocardial Infarction
25-100mg Dosage
Block β-1-adrenergic receptors;
↓ HR ↓ Cardiac Output ↓ BP ↓ Tachycardia
Dizzy. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose-take ASAP. Don't d/c. Masks hypoglycemia symptoms (DM) - 51TerazosinHytrin
Anti-HTN
HTN, BPH
1-10mg Dosage
α-1 adrenergic inhibitor, vasodilation
Avoid Alert Activities 12 hours post admin. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose-take ASAP. Don't d/c, take at bedtime, avoid cough, cold, allergy OTC medcations - 52PropanololInderal-LA
Anti-HTN
HTN, Angina Pectoris, Migraines
10-160mg Dosage
Block β-adrenergic receptors;
↓ HR ↓ Cardiac Output ↓ BP ↓ Tachycardia
Tired. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose-take ASAP. Don't d/c, watch out for hypoglyemic symptoms (DM), Avoid Cough/Cold/Allergy OTC medications. Food/Milk for GI - 53TizanidineZanaflex
Muscle Relaxant
Spasticity
2.4-6mg Dosage
α-2 agonist & Adrenergic Receptor
Tired/Dizzy. Contact PCP if severe ADR. Missed dose-take ASAP. Food/Milk for GI - 54CelecoxibCelebrex
NSAIDs
Osteoarthritis & Acute Pain
50-400mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor = decrease prostaglandins
Contact PCP if serious ADR or signs of Hepatic failure. If dose missed-skip & return (no-double). 2 weeks to work. Take with food/milk for GI help - 55DiclofenacVoltaren
NSAIDs
Acute & Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis
25-75mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor = decrease prostaglandins
EtOH increases ulcer effects. Contact PCP if serious ADR. If dose missed-take ASAP (no-double). Take with food/milk for GI help. Avoid Aspirin & Swallow whole - 56NabumetoneRalafen
NSAIDs
Osteoarthritis & Acute Pain
500-750mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor = decrease prostaglandins
EtOH increases ulcer effects. Contact PCP if serious ADR. If dose missed-skip & return (no-double). 2 weeks to work. Take with food/milk for GI help - 57IbuprofenMotrin
NSAIDs
Mild to Moderate Pain, Rheumatoid Arthritis
400-800mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor = decrease prostaglandins
EtOH increases ulcer effects. Contact PCP if serious ADR or rash. If dose missed-take ASAP (no-double). 2 weeks to work. AVOID ASPIRIN - 58IndomethacinIndocin
NSAIDs
Osteoarthritis & Acute Pain
25-50mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor = decrease prostaglandins
Tired, EtOH increases ulcer effects. Contact PCP if serious ADR. If dose missed-take ASAP (no-double). 2 weeks to work. AVOID ASPIRIN - 59MeloxicamMobic
NSAIDs
Osteoarthritis & Rheumatoid Arthritis
7.5-15mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor, decreasing prostaglandins
EtOH increases ulcer effects. Contact PCP if serious ADR or signs of Hepatic failure. If dose missed-take ASAP (no-double). 2 weeks to work. AVOID ASPIRIN - 60NaproxenNaprosyn
NSAIDs
Mild-Moderate Pain Dymenorrhea. Rheumatoid Arthritis, Acute Gout
250-500mg Dosage
Cox inhibitor, decreasing prostaglandins
Tired, EtOH increases ulcer effects. Contact PCP if serious ADR. If dose missed-take ASAP (no-double). Take on empty stomach, 2 weeks to work - 61VareniclineChantix
Smoking Cessation Aid
Smoking Cessation
0.1-1mg Dosage
Partial Agonist at Nicotinic Receptors
Caution while driving/mental tasks. Contact PCP for severe ADR. Take after food with water. Begin dose 1 week prior to smoking cessation taper
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- PHRM 590 | Pharmacy Practice 1 | Top 200 Drugs
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