Flashcards
Topic 4: Oceanography
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1Ocean trench (physical features of the ocean floor)A long narrow deep depression in the ocean bed
- 2Mid-ocean ridges (physical features of the ocean floor)A mountain chain that rises from the ocean basins where seafloor spreading takes place
- 3Continental shelf (physical features of the ocean floor)A relatively small flat part of the continent that is covered by sea water lies between the coast and the continental slope
- 4Continental slope (physical features of the ocean floor)The sloping surface between the outer edge of the continental shelf and the ocean basin
- 5Abyssal hill (physical features of the ocean floor)A small hill that rises from the floor of an abyssal plain
- 6Seamount (physical features of the ocean floor)Underwater cone-shaped volcanic mountains
- 7Volcanic islandA curved chain of volcanoes in the over riding tectonic plate of a subduction zone
- 8Factors affecting the existence and movement of currents1. Rotation of the earth
2. Winds - drift currents
3. Water density (cold water = more dense)
4. The shape and size of the continent
5. Salinity (more salt = more dense)
6. Topography of the ocean floor - 9Case Study on the Pacific oceanThe largest of the five surrounding oceans
The deepest with the deepest trenches
(average depth 3, 800m)
Contains the challenger deep and Mariana trench (10, 920m)
Ring of fire (hundreds of active volcanoes)
75% of the world's active volcanoes
Major food source for humans - 10Interrelationship of ocean currents and global climateOceans store a large amount of heat and release the heat slowly moderating climate patterns
Through oceans motion energy is tranferred across the surface of the earth - 11Features of El NinoBrings drought to Australia
Brings high rainfall the South America
Brings cooler water to East Coast of Australia - therefore poor evaporation which means drought - 12Features of La NinaRefers to the extensive cooling of the central and eastern tropical Pacific ocean, often accompanied by warmer than normal. Sea surface temperature (SST) in the Western Pacific, and North of Australia.
- 13UpwellingA process in which deep cold water rises up towards the surface and replace that hot water. It brings up nutrients which is a food source for the fish near the surface of the water
- 14Ocean resourcesConsumer goods: makeup, sponges, jewellery
Transport communication: Fibre optic cables, Boats
Tourism and recreation: Scuba diving, sking, fishing, jet boating, cruise
Medicine: cures for chronic diseases
FOOD - 15The oceans as a global commonGlobal commons are environmental resources and areas that do not belong to any country. They include the oceans, atmosphere, polar lands and outer space. These are areas of great interest to all countries they are critical fro the well being and even the survival of the globe.
- 16Law of the SeaThe united nation bringing all of the counties together to protect the sea
Come into action 1994
Currently signed by 164 nation sates - 17International Convention for the regulation of Whaling and the IWCThe treaty is an agreement between states (countries) which is a binding international law. A treaty can be bilateral or multilateral.
- 18The sunlit zone0-200m
-Sunlight can penetrate this whole zone therefore photosynthesis can occur. Abundant of fish, movement between this zone and twilight zone - 19The twilight zone200-1000m
Just enough lights for animals to see (animals have no eyes = no point)
Few surfaces to attach to (floaters)
Sperm whales dive into this zone
No photosynthesis - 20The dark zone1000m-4000m
Cold therefore no sunlight
Bioluminescence
Big teeth/mouth therefore can catch food with mouth open (no need for eyes)
Animals adapted to high water pressure - 21The Abyssal zone4000m - 6000m
one third of the sea bed
Valleys, trenches, volcanoes etc
SUPER DARK
Marine snow
Shortage of food so they have to conserve energy - 22The Hadal zoneover 6000m
Bioluminescence
Burrowing animals
animals have made adaptions like tripod fish
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- Geo Commerce exam 2k16 Flashcards on Topic 4: Oceanography, created by Mackenzie Smith on 27/11/2016.
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- Mackenzie Smith
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