7139082
Description
Flashcards by Hannah Jordan, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hannah Jordan
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the #1 reason cats and dogs are euthanized? | overpopulation |
| What are the scientific names of the gray wolf and the domestic dog? | -canis lupus -canis familiaris |
| What is the primary theory of domestication of dogs? | -Humans used wolves to help hunt -began "collecting" animals as trophies and gifts -used wolves to guard food, homes, and children |
| Explain the difference between taming and domestication: | -taming: taking a wild animal and training it -Domestication: the breeding/containment of a species under human control |
| Approximately how large (in dollars) was the Pet Industry in 2015? | 118.8 billion |
| Examples of benefits of owning a companion animal: | -reduction of stress -focus for nurturing -exercise, play, and laughter -decreased loneliness -stimulus for social interaction -enhanced self-esteem |
| Explain the difference between a breed and subspecies: | -Breed: based on artificial selection by humans, common species, usually not geographically isolated -Subspecies: natural selection, differ morphologically (form/structure) and geographically from original. |
| Give 2 examples of juvenile characteristics still seen in domestic dogs as it relates to domestication: | Physical: -decreased overall size -altered (decreased) jaw size and strength -decreased size and number of teeth -prominent forehead -shorter limbs Behavioral: -dogs being highly curious -subordinate nature |
| What are the 3 different types of dog skulls? | -doliocephalic -mesaticephalic -brachycephalic |
| Give 2 alternatives to declawing cats: | -claw covers -anti-scratch spray/deterrent |
| Explain one difference between how wolves and jackals hunt: | wolves hunt in packs, jackals hunt alone |
| Give 2 examples of how the fertility and sexual maturity changes between dogs and wolves in regards to domestication: | -female dogs have 2 estrous cycles per year, wolves only have 1 -male dogs are fertile year round, male wolves are fertile seasonally |
| What is selective breeding? | -discrimintative selection based on presence of desired structural or behavioral characteristics. -used to weed out undesirable traits, or breed in desired traits |
| What is the #1 dog breed found in the Us ? the US. | the labrador retriever |
| What is a subspecies? | -comes from natural selection -differ morphologically (form/structure) and geographically from original species. |
| What is a breed? | -comes from artificial selection by humans -common species -not usually geographically isolated |
| What is ossification? | how bones develop and grow |
| Describe a brachycephalic skull: | -boxers and bully breeds -short, compact skulls that lead to health problems |
| Describe a doliocephalic skull: | -sight hounds, running dogs -wolf's skull elongated -narrow, long snout -better for sight |
| Describe a mesaticephalic skull: | -scent hounds and pointers -wolf's skull elongated |
| What are the main two skeletal components? | -axial -appendicular |
| What is the axial skeleton? | bones that make up the: -skull -vertebral column -ribcage -sternum |
| What is the function of the axial skeleton? | -brain case -protects special senses -mastication of food |
| When do cats and dogs get their baby teeth? | 6 weeks |
| When do cats and dogs get their permanent teeth? | 6 months |
| What is the function of the vertebrae? | protects spine |
| What is the function of the ribcage? | protects main organs |
| What is the appendicular skeleton ? | bones that make up: -limbs -pelvic girdle |
| What is the appendicular main region? | thoracic and pelvic limbs |
| What is the thoracic limb regions? | -pectoral girdle -brachium and ante brachium -carpus and manus |
| What is the pectoral girdle? | -shoulder blade -not in dogs -cats have it |
| What is the brachium and ante brachium for? | flexibility |
| What is the carpus? | wrist bone |
| What is the manus? | foot bones and digits |
| What is the pelvic limb regions? | -pelvic girdle -thigh -crus -tarsus -pes |
| What is the thigh? | long bone of hind limb |
| What is the crus? | tibia and fibula |
| What is the tarsus? | ankle |
| What is the pes? | hind foot and digits |
| What are tendons? | connect muscles to bones |
| What are ligaments? | connect bone to bone |
| Forms of protection on the body: | -skin -scales -claws all protect underlying tissues from bacteria. -chemical exchange -sensory -secretion |
| What is the importance of chemical exchange? | lining of the digestive tract, lungs, kidneys, and thermoregulation |
| What is the importance of secretion? | endocrine and exocrine glands (mucus, enzymes, and pheromones) |
| What are the effects of taurine deficiency in cats? | -heart defects -vision defects -birth defects |
| What is the result of arigine deficiency in cats? | quick death |
| What is the scientific name for cats? | Felis Catus |
| Why do small breeds require fewer overall calories but a more concentrated diet? | they have less body weight and energy used |
| What nutrients do cats need that dogs do not? | -taurine -arginine |
| What is the main responsibility of AAFCO as it relates to pet food? | - |
| How long have cats been domesticated? | 3000 years |
| What is the #1 nutritional problem for dogs living in the US? | obesity |
| What is the preferred body score an animal should have? | 5 |
| List problems brachycephalic dogs suffer from: | -bacterial infections -breathing problems -eyes popping out of head |
| How do mother cats teach their kittens to hunt? | They bring half-dead prey to the kittens |
| When would a kitten use a meow? | to signify they need assistance from their mom |
| When would an adult cat meow? | To alert owners they need something (ex: food, go outside, water, pets, etc) |
| What is polydactyl mean? | multiple toes, having extra phalanges |
| What were dalmatians originally are for? | coach dogs |
| Name a benefit of spaying your cat: | -reduced change of getting mammory tumors |
| Name benefits of oxytocin for pets and their owners? | - |
| What is a breeding male cat called? | Tom |
| What is a sign of a female cat in metestrus? | A short (24 hour) stage when the female again rejects the tom |
| How long is a cat's gestational period? | 63 days |
| What is a breeding female cat called? | a queen |
| What is whelping? | the events leading up to the labor in dogs |
| Three signs that a dog demonstrates during the start of labor: | -loss of appetite -restlessness -nesting behavior -body/rectal temperature drops |
| What is the normal color of the placenta of a dog after birth? | -shades of red, including brown |
| What are the infected colors of a placenta of a dog after birth? | -green -yellow |
| Name the 2 protozoan diseases that occur in cats: | -coccidosis -toxoplasmosis |
| Name 4 internal parasites that occur in dogs: | -roundworms -hookworms -heartworms -tapeworms |
| Name the internal parasites that occur in cats: | -toxocariasis (roundworms -stomach worms -tapeworm |
| What is the common name for the disease tularemia? | rabbit fever |
| Which disease in dogs is similar to measles in humans? | distemper |
| What is the difference between a service dog and a therapy dog? | Service dogs are trained for their owner's specific disability. Therapy dogs can provide psychological therapy for people other than the owner |
| What are the only 2 questions you are allowed to ask a handler of a service dog? | 1. What task/job does the dog perform? 2. Is the dog a service animal required for a disability? |
| What are the 7 groups in the AKC? | -working -sporting -herding -non-sporting -terrier -toy -hound |
| What are the 3 subcategories of the working group of dogs? | -guarding -sledding -rescue |
| ____is a bacterial disease that will lead to the locking of the jaw and spastic contractions of muscles. | Tetanus |
| ____ is the most common dog insect problem. | Ordinary cat flea |
| ____ is a viral disease similar to measles in humans that is the leading infectious disease worldwide. | distemper |
| ___ is an external parasite that sucks blood and the most form is the brown dog variant. | tick |
| ____ is a viral disease first noticed in the US in 1977 that leaves puppies the most susceptible. It has 2 forms, GI and heart, which causes bloody diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and possible death. | Canine parvovirus |
| ____ is a viral disease that is transmitted by direct contact by biting, has a furious or mad or dumb stage. | Rabies |
| ____ is a viral disease in cats that is caused by the corona virus that occurs in a wet (fluid around the heart) and dry form. | Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) |
| ____ is a viral disease in cats that results in death from secondary infections due to low immune function. | Feline immunodeficiency Virus |
| ___ can bite and feed on skin or suck and feed on blood, also irritates ears. | lice |
| ____ is a bacterial disease common in NC that is transmitted by ticks and can be extremely serious in humans if they are infected by the tick. | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
| _____ is a bacterial disease in animals that causes sterility and is zoonotic. | Brucellosis |
| ____ is a bacterial disease in dogs that is spread by urine and primarily affects the kidneys, resulting in fever, listlessness, loss of appetite, and mental depression. | Leptospirosis |
| ____ is a bacterial lung infection that is usually caught from the owner. | tuberculosis |
| ____ is a bacterial disease that primarily affects the young and elderly animals. It results in gastroenteritis, fever, loss of appetite, and depression. | Salmonellosis |
| _____ is a bacterial disease known as rabbit fever and most often associated with ticks. It results in skin lesions, swollen lymph nodes, pneumonia, and weakness in the rear legs. | tularemia |
| ____ is a bacterial disease that is the most common US vector related disease that results in the sudden onset of lameness, weakness, and fever. | Lyme disease |
| ____ is a viral disease first isolated in military dogs in 1971. It causes excessive diarrhea. | Canine Coronavirus |
| _____ is a viral disease that is most severe in late pregnancy and in puppies. It causes a hard, distended abdomen and usually results in death in 24 hours. | herpes |
| ____ is a viral disease present in stool, saliva, and urine. It is transmitted by direct contact. | Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV 1) |
| ____ is a viral disease that results in an infectious respiratory disease that is highly contagious and is usually accompanied by a harsh cough. It is common when a lot of dogs are housed together. | -Kennel cough -infectious tracheobronchitis -bordetella |
| ___ is a fungal disease that is the most common in companion animals and humans It can be a huge health issue within corded shelters and may result in biosecurity euthanasia. | Ringworm |
| _____ is a protozoan disease that results from filth, overcrowding, and dampness. | coccidiosis |
| ___ is a protozoan disease acquired from consuming infected organisms. It causes a variation in symptoms, including birth defects in humans. | toxoplasmosis |
| ____ is a viral disease in cats that causes fever, depression, loss of appetite, vominting, and the inability to drink water. | Feline Panleukopenia (FPL) |
| ____ is a viral disease in cats that leads to cancer and severity of secondary disease. It transmitted by bites, mating, and saliva transfer. | Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) |
| ____ is an internal parasite in dogs that is characterized by white, thin, spaghetti-like worms that fasten to the intestinal walls and draw blood. Usually from soil to intestines. | roundworms |
| ___ is an internal parasite in dogs that can be contracted by consuming raw meat | tapeworms |
| _____ is an internal parasite that can cause shortness of breath, weight loss, and depp cough. It is spread by mosquitoes. | heart worms |
| ___ is an internal parasite in cats that has 8 different species and causes periodic vomintiing. | Stomach worms |
| ___ is a condition caused by mites that cause cause scratching and biting of the site. They only live around 3 weeks. | Sarcoptic mange |
| ____ is a condition caused by mites that is more common in certain breeds. It can be caused by immune system issues. | Demodicosis "red mange" |
| ___ is an itchy bacterial infection from scratching, ear mites, and chiggers. | Scabies |
| How should rats and mice be housed? | -not alone, they are social creatures -large cage that is escape proof |
| How long do mice live? | 1-2 years |
| How long do rats live? | 2-3 years (can be longer with proper care) |
| How long are rats/mice gestation period? | 19-24 days |
| How often do female mice/rats go into heat? | every 4 days |
| How do you pick up mice correctly? | -pick them up by the base of their tail (not the tip) -scruff them for balance |
| How should you pick up a tame rat? | behind their shoulders |
| What are the most common health concerns for pet rats? | -respiratory problems -tumors (especially mammary tumors for female rats) |
| What is ferreting? | Rabbit hunting using ferrets (also the term used for rat hunting) |
| What is ferret legging? | when people put ferrets down their pants |
| What are some of the uses of ferrets? | -domestic pets -shows -fur ranching -biomedical research |
| What is toxic to ferrets? | high levels of zinc (can be in some feeding dishes and cage bars) |
| What is a ferret's life expectancy? | 5-11 years |
| What is a male ferret called? What is a female ferret called? | Hob Jill |
| How long is a ferret's gestation? | 38-44 days |
| Why should non-breeding female ferrets be NEUTERED? | aplastic anemia |
| What organisms are classified as Anura? | tailless adults such as frogs and toads (amphibians) |
| What organisms are classified as Caudata? | adults with tails such as newts and salamanders (amphibians) |
| What organisms are classified as Apoda / Caecilians? | tropical and legless amphibians |
| What organisms are classified under the Order Chelonia or Testudines? | -turtles -tortoises -terrapin |
| What organisms are classified under the Order Squamata? | -lizards -snakes |
| What organisms are classified under the Suborder Lacertilia (Sauria)? | lizards |
| What organisms are classified under the Suborder Serpentes? | snakes |
| What organisms are classified under the Suborder Amphisbaenia? | worm lizards |
| What organisms are classified under the Order Crocodylia? | alligators and crocodiles |
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