Flashcards
Endocrine System - Anatomy
Cards in this deck (49)
- 1hypothalamuspart of diencephalon
connects nervous and endocrine system - 2pituitary gland akahypophysis
- 3hypophysismaster endocrine gland
suspended by stalk from hypothalamus
enlarges during pregnancy - 42 parts of hypophysisanterior (adenohypophysis)
posterior (neurohypophysis) - 5the pituitary gland is supplied by the...internal carotid artery
- 6the posterior pituitary has its ____ _____ in the hypothalamuscell body (axons in posterior)
- 73 parts of the Anterior Pituitary (adenohypophysis)Pars distalis (principal part)
Pars intermedia
Pars tuberalis - 8Pars Distalismain part of anterior pitu
secretes 7 diff hormones
GH, ACTH, Beta-lipotropin, Prolactin, TSH, FSH, LH - 9Pars Intermediapart of anterior pitu
contains Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) associated with color changes in amphibians, reptiles, and fish
unsure of role in other animals - 10Pars tuberalispart of anterior pitu
contains layer of cells surrounding neural stalk for which no specific function can be identified - 11Pars Nervosapart of posterior pitu
linked to hypothalamus by this stalk - 12Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophysis)contains terminal axons from two nuclei located in hypothalamus
- 13Hormones secreted from Posterior PituitaryAntidiuretic
Oxytocin - 14Antidiuretic Hormonetargets kidneys and promotes water conservation
secreted by posterior pitu - 15Oxytocinsecreted by posterior pitu
hormone that targets female uterus and mammary glands, causes parturition and milk let down
no known effect on male - 16Pineal Gland AKAEpiphysis
pineal body
cerebri
or "third eye" - 17Pineal Glandinfluences cyclic activities in the body and body's biological clock
produces melatonin, which regulates seratonin
moods, wake sleep cycles
plays a role in timing of seasonal estrus cycles in some species - 18Thyroid Glandgoverns metabolism and growth
produces TH and calcitonin - 19The thyroid gland is connected by a narrow band called ________ in some speciesisthmus
- 20The parathyroid gland is located...on or embedded in thyroid gland
pale, can be hard to fine - 21parathyroid hormone regulates...calcium/phosphorus balance, prevents hypocalcaemia (raises blood calcium level)
- 22Adrenal glands are located...retroperitoneal
near thoracolumbar junction
cranial or craniomedial to kidneys - 23the adrenal glands consist of two glands...cortex, wrapped around the medulla
- 24Cortex of the Adrenal Glands (Adrenal Cortex)outer layer
under direction of ACTH from anterior pitu
produces glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids and sex hormones - 25glucocorticoid hormonesraise blood glucose levels
maintain BP - 26mineralcorticoid hormonesregulate levels of some electrolytes
ex. sodium, water retention by kidneys, potassium elimination - 27Medulla of the Adrenal Glands (Adrenal Medulla)inner gland whose secreting cells are modified neurons that secrete directly into blood stream.
Produce epinephrine and norepinephrine - 28the adrenal medulla is under control of the...sympathetic nervous system
- 29Pancreaslong flat organ located near duodenum that has both exocrine and endocrine functions
- 30exocrine function of prancreasmost of pancreases mass is made up of exocrine glandular tissue that produces important digestive enzymes
- 31endocrine function of prancreassmall percentage of total organ
organized into thousands of little clumps of cells distributed among the exocrine cells. are called pancreatic islets or islets of langerhans - 32Islets of Langerhansendocrine part of pancreas
has alpha, beta, and delta cells - 33Alpha cellsproduce glucagon
(raises blood glucose levels) - 34Beta cellsproduce insulin
(lowers blood glucose levels) - 35Delta cellsproduce somatostatin
(inhibits secretion of insulin & glucagon, as well as GH, diminishes activity of GI tract) - 36endocrine cells within testesscattered btw seminiferous tubules are endocrine cells which produce testosterone
- 37chorionic gonadotropinproduced in the placenta of horses
used for horse pregnancy test - 38Kidney produces hormones:renin
erythropoietin - 39Reninkidney secretes renin in response to their decreased perfusion by blood
promotes Na reabsorption, retention of water, expand blood volume, establish normal BP - 40erythropoietininc production of RBCby red bone marrow
- 41Stomach secretes Gastrin Gastrin Function:stimulates gastric glands to secrete HCL and digestive enzymes, and smooth muscle walls to contract
- 42small intestine secretes:secretin
cholecystokinin - 43secretin functionstimulates pancreas to secrete fluid that's rich in Na, bicarb into duodendum, helps neutralize acidic chyme, decreases HCL production
- 44cholecystokinin functionstimulates release of digestive enzymes from pancreas into the duodenum
inhibits gastric emptying
stimulates gall bladder to contract to move bile into small intestine - 45Thymusan organ which kick starts the immune system
- 46after puberty thymus _______begins to atrophy (shrink)
- 47thymus secretes:thymosin and thymopoietin
- 48thymosin and thymopoietinsecreted from thymus
causes primitive cells in thymus and other lymphoid organs to transform into T lymphocytes - 49diseases of endocrine system
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- Veterinary Technology Flashcards on Endocrine System - Anatomy, created by Alison Salvaggio on 20/12/2016.
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- Alison Salvaggio
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