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Description
Flashcards by Tania Parvaiz, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Tania Parvaiz
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How do lipids react in water and why? | Insoluble in water because fatty acid tails are hydrophobic |
| How do lipids react in organic solvents such as alcohol and acetone? | Soluble in organic solvents |
| What elements do lipids contain and how to the proportions compare to the proportions in carbohydrates? | •Carbon hydrogen and oxygen •Proportion of oxygen to carbon and hydrogen is smaller in lipids |
| Are lipids polymers? | No |
| Name the 2 types of lipids and their biological roles? | •Triglycerides - store energy and provide insulation •Phospholipids - form cell membranes |
| What is a triglyceride molecule made up of? | A glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid chains |
| What do fatty acid molecules have? | Long hydrocarbon tails |
| How is a triglyceride formed? (Diagram) | |
| 2 differences between saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids? | •Saturated = only single C-C bonds. Unsaturated = 1 double bond •Saturated are solid at room temp, unsaturated are usually liquids at room temp |
| 4 roles of lipids? | •Provide energy •Waterproofing - insoluble in water •Insulation - slow conductors of heat. •Protection - fat stored around delicate organs such as kidney and heart |
| Why are triglycerides good storage molecules? | Low mass to energy ratio - more energy can be stored in a small volume. |
| What does the structure of a phospholipid look like? | |
| Phospholipids are polar molecules. What does this mean? | Have 2 ends (poles) with different electrical charges which behave differently |
| What is the head of phosphates? | Hydrophilic |
| What is the tail of phosphates? | Hydrophobic |
| What is a phospholipid bilayer? | 2 layers of phospholipids back to back. Arrange themselves into this when in an aqueous environment (cell membrane) |
| What is a micelle? | |
| Why are triglycerides not polymers? | Because they are not in a chain |
| Explain the meaning of saturated? | Contains only single C-C bonds |
| Explain the meaning of unsaturated? | Has one or more double C=C bonds. |
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