2.4 Proteins

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Useful for this Thursday's quiz:)
Kudzai Mapendere
Flashcards by Kudzai Mapendere, updated more than 1 year ago
Kudzai Mapendere
Created by Kudzai Mapendere over 7 years ago
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Question Answer
What structure meditates and controls the formation of polypeptides? Ribosome-site of polypeptide/protein synthesised Enzymes are needed for the reaction
How many amino acids do we know of? 20 natural 2 are man-made
The structure of two generalised amino acids
Outline the process by which amino acids are created. created by modification of one amino acid after polypeptide formation by an enzyme. e.g. protein-hydroxide protein
what is the name of the longest polypeptide and how many amino acids does it contain? Titin 30,000 amino acids
Outline the central dogma of genetics.
List the properties of the R-groups in an amino acid. Polar/Hydrophilic Non-polar/Hydrophobic Positive or negative charge sometimes can contain sulphur
Describe the primary of protein structure.
Outline the secondary of protein structure.
Outline the tertiary structure of protein.
Outline the quaternary structure of protein.
Distinguish the difference between Globular and Fibrous proteins.
Define the term genome All the genes of a cell, tissue or an organism. Determines what proteins are in an organism and what it can possibly produce.
Define the term proteome. All the proteins produce by a cell tissue or an organism. It reveals what is happening in an organism at a particular time.
What affects the proteome? The environment, nutrition, activity levels and anything else that affects a cell's activity.
Explain why proteome is larger and more varied than genome. Larger and varied because not all genes produce polypeptide. Multiple polypeptides and prosthetic groups can interact and amino acids can be modified. Polypeptides can fold into different structures.
Describe the term denaturation. Denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose the quaternary structure, tertiary structure and secondary structure and returns to its natural state, its perminant.
what factors can cause denaturation? Heat Change in pH Viscosity Colour
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