800406
Description
Flashcards by Alannah Mendoza, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alannah Mendoza
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Are substances the kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.They are either produced naturally,by living cells,or synthetically,as analog of the natural substances. | Antibiotics |
| Is effective against many microorganisms. | broad-spectrum antibiotic |
| Is effective against only a few. | narrow-spectrum antibiotic |
| Is any antibiotic derived from the Penicillium mold. | penicillin |
| These agents have the advantage of IM administration so that a repository of the drug remains in the muscle tissue and can be absorbed slowly by the body. | Long-acting forms of penicillin G |
| Similar to penicillin ,these agents exert their activity against young dividing bacteria cells by interfering with the formation of the cell walls. | cephalosporins |
| Are effective against organisms such as streptococci and some strains of staphylococci. | First-generation cephalosporins. |
| Are also effective against Haemophilus influenzae, an organism that commonly invades the middle ear or respiratory tract. | Second-generation cephalosporins |
| Are less effective against streptococci and pneumococci than earlier cephalosporins but are more effective against negative organisms that invade the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts.They are generally reserved for serious infectious that do not respond to other agents. | Third-generation cephalosporins |
| Cefepime (Maximpime) is used to treat urinary tract infections,including infection associated with pyelonephristis,and severe infections of the skin,soft tissue,and abdomen. | Fourth-generation cephalosporins |
| Are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against many organisms ,particularly bacteria infecting the respiratory system and soft tissues. | Tetracyclines |
| Is a macrolide antibiotic and this class of antibiotics ,as become more diverse,has become known as the macrolides. | Erthromycin |
| Are a class of orally effective antimiticrobial agents that act by inhibiting the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase. | Quinolones |
| Combat infection in the body by checking the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms,enabling the body's own defenses to cope with the infection. | Sulfonamides ("sulfa drugs") |
| These are synthetic drugs and made to resemble para-aminobenzoic acid(PABA),a substance that the microorganisms need for the synthesis of folic acid,an essential enzyme. | Sulfonamides("sulfa drugs") |
| Are eukaryotic organisms that contain no chlorophyll or vascular tissue. | Fungi |
| They are unable to eat or to manufacture their own food but rather survive by growing on and absorbing nutrients from the surrounding organic matter(e.g. a log or a piece of cheese). | Fungi |
| When the organic matter is the human body,can cause disease. | Fungi |
| Is a microscopic infectious agent that requires an intact living host cell for metabolism;when it enters this host cell,the virus is able to reproduce and mutate. | Virus |
| Using the metabolic process of the host cell,viruses can direct a the synthesis of hundreds to thousands of progeny viruses during a single of infection. | Virus |
| Virus is generally a short-lived virus and is not treated with antiviral agents.It is contracted orally from contaminated food or water. | Hepatitis A |
| Virus affects 5% of the worldwide population and may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcioma.It was formerly called hepatitis and is contracted from blood or bodily fluid. | Hepatitis B |
| Virus is believed to be the most common cause of end-stage liver disease.Nearly 85% of individuals who contracted this virus develop the chronic form.It is contracted from infected blood or body fluids. | Hepatitis C |
| Exert their antiviral activity by intracellular conversion of the drug to a triphosphate metabolite. | Nucleoside-reverse transcriptase inhibitors |
| Interfere with HIV by binding directly to the viral reverse transcriptase and act as specific reverse transcriptase inhibitors. | Non-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors |
| The class of antiretroviral drugs is mainly used when available combination antiretroviral regimens are no longer effective because of the development of viral resistance. | Fusion inhibitors |
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