8360812
Description
Flashcards by Ashutosh Kumar, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashutosh Kumar
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Definition of an injury: | Definition of an injury: Body damage which occurs as a result of either (a) acute exposure to excess energy, or (b) absence of such essentials such a heat and oxygen. |
| Host, agent and environment model: | Host, agent and environment model: Host: Individual at risk. Agent: Excess energy. Vector: Means of transfer. Environment: Physical/Psychosocial |
| Injury classifications: | Injury classifications: Nature of injury. Mechanism of injury. Hazard that caused injury. Severity/threat of injury. |
| Injury pyramid: Top: | Injury pyramid: Top: Fatalities; less common but most severe. Hospitalizations Emergency department, primary care etc Home dealt with. |
| Burden of injury: | Burden of injury: Disability adjusted life years (DALY’s) Year of life lost (YLL) constitute 80% of the burden. |
| High risk groups: | High risk groups: Maori have higher rates of both unintentional and intentional injury. Maori have 2 x the age standardized rates of serious injury vs the rest of the population but a lower rates of falls, likely due to a younger population. M>F |
| Largest causes of injury: | Largest causes of injury: Self inflicted; suicide Traffic accidents Falls Injury is the leading cause of death of New Zealanders in the ages between 1 and 34. |
| Injury vs accident: | Injury vs accident: Accident: An unexpected or undesirable event; implies that there is no human influence or control. Injuries are not accidents. |
| Types of prevention: | Types of prevention: Active: Requires individual action, and therefore is less reliable to make an impact. Passive: Does not require individual action and is therefore more efficacious and likely to make a bigger health impact. Primary, secondary and tertiary. Home, vector and environmental level preventions. |
| Three phases for prevention: Haddon matrix: Haddon strategies: | Three phases for prevention: Pre-event. During event. Post-event. Haddon matrix: Pre, event and post event categorization of interventions at the human, agent and environmental levels. Haddon strategies: Prevent existence of agent. Prevent release of agent. Separate agent from host. Protection for host. |
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