8518789
Description
Flashcards by Potato Milk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Potato Milk
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Define 'Stimulus' (3) | A change in the environment detected by a nervous receptor and induces a response. |
| Define 'Reflex action' (2) | An uncontrolled, rapid response to a specific stimulus. |
| Define 'response' (2) | A change in the organism caused by stimuli. |
| Consciousness: Involuntary action ==> ??? Voluntary action ==> ??? | Involuntary action ==> Unconscious Voluntary action ==> Conscious |
| Role of sensory neurone (A => B) | Conducts nerve impulses from sensory receptors to spinal cord |
| Role of relay neurone (A => B) | Conducts nerve impulses within the central nervous system to other parts of the brain or spinal cord |
| Role of motor neurone (A => B) | Conducts nerve impulses from brain or spinal cord to effectors |
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How does a chemical synapse work? (7)
Image:
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1. Action potential triggers influx of Ca2+ ions through voltage-gated channels 2. Causes synaptic vesicles to fuse with presynaptic membrane 3. Released neurotransmitter molecules diffuse into the synaptic cleft 4. Neurotransmitter molecules bind together with receptors in ion channels 5. Cu2+ ions diffuse through the ion channels into the postsynaptic neurone 6. Action potential sent through the neurone 7. Neurotransmitter degraded by enzymes |
| Sequence of events in a reflex action (stimulus to grey matter) (3) | 1. A stimulus is received 2. An impulse generated is carried along sensory neurones towards spinal cord 3. Impulses arrive at the nerve endings and into the grey matter (relay neurone) of the spinal cord |
| Sequence of events in a reflex action (grey matter to response) (4) | 4. A synapse causes the relay neurone to send another impulse, carrying it towards a motor neurone 5. Another synapse links the relay with the motor neurone 6. The motor neurone carries the signal to the effector 7. A response is produced |
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