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| Question | Answer |
| What part of the cell is affected by cystic fibrosis? | The cell membrane |
| Fill in the blank: _________ are large molecules of DNA. | Chromosones |
| Fill in the blank: The function of ribsomes is to _____________. | Synthesise proteins/ carry out protein synthesis. |
| What 2 structures are found in plant cells but not in yeast cells? | Chloroplasts, Permanent vacuole |
| What feature is found in a yeast cell but not in a animal cell? | Cell wall |
| What is the name given to the process in which oxygen is absorbed into cells? | Diffusion |
| Which organ system controls the actions of the body? | The nervous system |
| What type of plant tissue carries out photosynthesis? | Palisade layer, aka mesophyll |
| What is the difference between a cell membrane and a cell wall? | Cell membrane holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out of it. Cell wall gives a rigid structure to support and strengthen the cell |
| How does a cell divide by meiosis? | 1. The cell copies its genetic material 2.The cell divides twice 3.4 gametes are produced, each with a single set of chromosones |
| What idea did Mendel propose as a result of his research into pea plants? | The characteristics are passed from 1 generation to another by separately inherited factors. He called these factors 'hereditary units' |
| Why may a species become extinct? | Changes to the environment A new predator A new disease New competition A catastrophic event |
| What are the advantages of using enzymes in industry? | They speed up reactions without being used up- saves energy and money They work for a long time They are biodegradable- less pollution is caused |
| What are the disadvantages of using enzymes in industry? | Some people are allergic to them The conditions need to be tightly controlled so they don't denature Enzymes can be expensive to produce The end product may become contaminated with the enzymes |
| What is anaerobic respiration? | The incomplete breakdown of glucose when there isn't enough oxygen for aerobic respiration It produces a small amount of energy and lactic acid |
| How many chromosomes do gametes have? How many do normal body cells have? | 23 46 |
| How many gametes are produced after 1 cell completes meiosis? | 4 |
| What are mitochondria? | They carry out most of the respiration in the cell |
| What are the three groups of tissue? | Epithelial- covers/ protects organs Glandular- secretes enzymes Muscular- moves things |
| What are the three limiting factors for photosynthesis? | Light intensity CO2 concentration Temperature |
| What do ribosomes do? | They sysnthesise proteins |
| What happens to enzymes when conditions go above their optimum pH/ temperature? | They denature. Shape of active site changes, their substrates don't fit anymore the rate of reaction falls sharply |