8827916
Description
Flashcards by Natarliya James, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Natarliya James
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Lambert Simnel | Lamber Simnel was being passed off as the Earl of Warwick, who had been imprisoned by Henry, and was even crowned as King Edward in Ireland in May 1487. The conspiracy was put together by John de la Pole, the Earl of Lincoln, himself a potential Yorkist claimant. In response to this hoax, Henry had the real Earl of Warwick exhibited in London for all to see. Lincoln subsequently fled from Henry VII's court and had joined the failed plotter Lord Lovell at the court of Margaret of Burgundy in the Netherlands. They persuaded Margaret to support Simnel's bogus claim and to pay for a force of mercenaries to invade England |
| Battle of Stoke, 1487 | Henry gathered a group of advisors. The two armies met at Stoke, Henry wasn't confident. He could remember too well how Richard had been double-crossed at Bosworth and feared that he himself might suffer the same fate. However, his army led effectively by the Earl of Oxford, held firm and the Earl of Lincoln was killed in the battle, having crucially been unable to add sufficient followers to the army of mercenaries with which he had landed in England |
| Battle of Stoke - Continued | Henry's victory at the Battle of Stoke was very significant. It was essentially the end of the Wars of the Roses, and Henry's position became safer. He had been faced with a crisis which he had overcome by a combination of his own hard work and the organisation and leadership of his key supporters. He also began to develop the policy of using BONDS OF GOOD BEHAVIOUR to ensure well behaved land owners who might otherwise face financial ruin. |
| Perkin Warbeck | He was a persistent threat the Henry VII over a period of 8 years, during which he claimed to be Richard, Duke of York. Had his activities had been confined to England, he might have been dismissed as only a pest. However, it was his ability to attract patronage from foreign rulers which transformed him into a serious threat. In 1491 Warbeck began to impersonate Richard, Duke of York in Ireland. He was forced to flee to the court of Margaret of Burgundy, where he was trained as a potential Yorkist prince and began to draw English courtiers into his conspiracies. |
| Perkin Warbeck - Continued | Several years after the Battle of Stoke (1487), Warbeck's first attempt to land in England in 1495 proved to be a fiasco. Warbeck was quickly defeated and fled to the court of James IV of Scotland. Stanley, Henry's step- uncle and potential traitor, was Lord Chamberlin and headed the royal household at a time when household government was still the normal model of political operation. |
| Defeat of Warbeck | In1496, a small Scottish force crossed the border on Warbeck's behalf but quickly retreated. Warbeck's interests were soon sacrificed when James gave in to Henry's offer of marriage to his daughter Margaret. Having failed to successfully invade England from Scotland in 1496, Warbeck made a final attempt to seek the English throne by trying to exploit the uncertainties created by the Cornish Rebellion in 1497, but his forces were crushed and Warbeck eventually surrendered to the King. Having allegedly tried to escape with the Earl of Warwick, he was accused of treason and they were both tried and executed. |
| The Earl of Warwick | The Earl of Warwick was potentially the most obvious Yorkist claimant to the throne. Aged only 10 at the time of the Battle of Bosworth, he spent most of his life in confinement before he met his fate in 1499, having been accused of plotting with Perkin Warbeck against Henry, he was executed. |
| Edmund de la Pole (Earl of Suffolk), Richard de la Pole (the White Rose) | The final piece of the dynastic security concerned Edmund de la Pole and Richard de la Pole. Suffolk had fled to Flanders Field in 1498. In 1501, he fled to the court of Emperor Maximilian. For as long as Margaret of Burgundy was politically opposed to Henry VII, Suffolk was safe. The Treaty of Windsor(1506) saw the Maximilian agreed to give up Suffolk, who was as a result imprisoned in the tower. Henry took no further action against him until 1513 when he had him executed for treason. This still left Richard de la Pole, at large during his time in exile, but he was killed fighting for the French forces at the battle of Pavia in 1525 |
| Summary | Having consolidated his power in the short term, Henry was also concerned with ensuring long-term dynastic stabilityL he wanted English men and women to believe that the Tudors had a legitimate claim to the throne. He aimed to ensure the succession of his line to the throne to ensure law and order by keeping control over the nobility who had engaged in bitter power struggles, improve the Crown's financial position and stabilise the dynasty by securing the recognition of foreign powers. It should not be assumed that his victory at the Battle of Stoke left henry in an unchallengeable position. The immediate threat from the House of York might have been vanquished and many Yorkists had made their peace, albeit reluctantly in some cases. |
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